Table 3 Accuracy indices of the HRP-2 band and Field microscopy compared with expert microscopy and PCR to detect P. falciparum
|  | Carestart™ | First Response® | Parascreen® | SD Bioline® | Field microscopy | Expert microscopy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Expert microscopy as reference test | ||||||
TP, FP | 7, 8 | 9, 8 | 8, 13 | 9, 11 | 13, 13 | N/A |
FN, TN | 17, 902 | 15, 902 | 16, 897 | 15, 899 | 11, 897 | |
Sensitivity (95 % CI) | 29.2 (13.4–51.2) | 37.5 (19.6–59.2) | 33.3 (16.4–55.3) | 37.5 (19.6–59.2) | 54.2 (33.2–73.8) | |
Specificity (95 % CI) | 99.1 (98.2–99.6) | 99.1 (98.2–99.6) | 98.6 (97.5–99.2) | 98.8 (97.8–99.4) | 98.6 (97.5–99.2) | |
PPV (95 % CI) | 46.7 (22.3–72.6) | 52.9 (28.5–76.1) | 38.1 (19.0–61.3) | 45.0 (23.8–67.7) | 50.0 (30.4–69.6) | |
NPV (95 % CI) | 98.2 (97.0–98.9) | 98.4 (97.3–99.0) | 98.2 (97.1–99.0) | 98.4 (97.2–99.0) | 98.8 (97.8–99.4) | |
LR positive (95 % CI) | 33.2 (13.1–84.1) | 42.7 (18.0–101.0) | 23.3 (10.7–51.0) | 31.0 (14.2–67.8) | 37.9 (19.7–72.9) | |
LR negative (95 % CI) | 0.71 (0.55–0.92) | 0.63 (0.46–0.86) | 0.68 (0.51–0.90) | 0.63 (0.46–0.86) | 0.46 (0.30–0.72) | |
DOR (95 % CI) | 46.4 (13.3–163.3) | 67.7 (20.4–228.7) | 34.5 (11.2–105.7) | 49.0 (15.9–152.9) | 81.5 (30.0–243.0) | |
PCR as the reference test | ||||||
TP, FP | 4, 11 | 7, 10 | 7, 14 | 6, 14 | 12, 14 | 12, 12 |
FN, TN | 35, 884 | 32, 885 | 32, 881 | 33, 881 | 27, 881 | 27, 883 |
Sensitivity (95 % CI) | 10.3 (3.3–25.2) | 17.9 (8.1–34.1) | 17.9 (8.1–34.1) | 15.4 (6.4–31.2) | 30.8 (17.5–47.7) | 30.8 (17.5–47.7) |
Specificity (95 % CI) | 98.8 (97.7–99.4) | 98.9 (97.9–99.4) | 98.4 (97.3–99.1) | 98.4 (97.3–99.1) | 98.4 (97.3–99.1) | 98.7 (97.6–99.2) |
PPV (95 % CI) | 26.7 (8.9–55.2) | 41.2 (19.4–66.5) | 33.3 (15.5–56.9) | 30.0 (12.8–54.3) | 46.2 (27.1–66.3) | 50.0 (29.6–70.4) |
NPV (95 % CI) | 96.2 (94.7–97.3) | 96.5 (95.1–97.6) | 96.5 (95.0–97.6) | 96.4 (94.9–97.5) | 97.0 (95.6–98.0) | 97.0 (95.7–98.0) |
LR positive (95 % CI) | 8.3 (2.8–25.0) | 16.1 (6.5–40.0) | 11.5 (4.9–26.8) | 9.8 (4.0–24.2) | 19.7 (9.8–39.7) | 22.9 (11.0–47.8) |
LR negative (95 % CI) | 0.9 (0.82–1.01) | 0.83 (0.72–0.96) | 0.83 (0.72–96.5) | 0.86 (0.75–0.98) | 0.70 (0.57–0.87) | 0.70 (0.57–0.87) |
DOR (95 % CI) | 9.2 (2.3–33.4) | 19.4 (6.2–59.9) | 13.8 (4.7–39.8) | 11.4 (3.7–34.6) | 30.0 (10.9–71.9) | 32.7 (12.4–86.9) |