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Table 6 Accuracy indices of the pLDH bands and Field microscopy compared with expert microscopy and PCR for the detection of P. vivax

From: Performance of four HRP-2/pLDH combination rapid diagnostic tests and field microscopy as screening tests for malaria in pregnancy in Indonesia: a cross-sectional study

 

Carestartâ„¢

First Response®

Parascreen®

SD Bioline®

Field microscopy

Expert microscopy

Expert microscopy as reference test

TP, FP

3, 10

2, 11

2, 9

2, 8

0, 8

N/A

FN, TN

19, 911

11, 910

11, 912

11, 913

13, 913

Sensitivity (95 % CI)

13.6 (3.6–36.0)

15.4 (2.7–46.3)

15.4 (2.7–46.3)

15.4 (2.7–46.3)

0

Specificity (95 % CI)

98.9 (97.9–99.4)

98.8 (97.8–99.4)

99.0 (98.1–99.5)

99.1 (98.2–99.6)

99.1 (98.2–99.6)

PPV (95 % CI)

23.1 (6.2–54.0)

15.4 (2.7–46.3)

18.2 (3.2–52.2)

20.0 (3.5–55.8)

0

NPV (95 % CI)

98.0 (96.8–98.7)

98.8 (97.8–99.4)

98.8 (97.8–99.4)

98.8 (97.8–99.4)

98.6 (97.5–99.2)

LR positive (95 % CI)

12.6 (6.6–68.3)

12.9 (3.2–52.4)

15.7 (3.8–65.9)

17.7 (4.2–75.5)

0

LR negative (95 % CI)

0.87 (0.74–1.03)

0.86 (0.68–1.08)

0.85 (0.68–1.08)

0.85 (0.67–1.07)

1 (1.0–1.0)

DOR (95 % CI)

14.4 (2.9–63.7)

15.0 (2.0–86.3)

18.4 (2.4–109.8)

20.8 (2.7–126.8)

0

PCR as the reference test

TP, FP

3, 10

3, 10

3, 8

2, 8

4, 4

11, 2

FN, TN

20, 901

20, 901

20, 903

21, 903

19, 907

12, 909

Sensitivity (95 % CI)

13.0 (3.4–34.7)

13.0 (3.4–34.7)

13.0 (3.4–34.7)

8.7 (1.5–29.5)

17.4 (5.7–39.5)

47.8 (27.4–68.9)

Specificity (95 % CI)

98.9 (97.9–99.4)

98.9 (97.9–99.4)

99.1 (98.2–99.6)

99.1 (98.2–99.6)

99.6 (98.8–99.9)

99.8 (99.1–100.0)

PPV (95 % CI)

23.1 (6.2–54.0)

23.1 (6.2–54.0)

27.3 (7.3–60.7)

20.0 (3.5–55.8)

50.0 (1.7–82.6)

84.6 (53.7–97.3)

NPV (95 % CI)

97.8 (96.6–98.6)

97.8 (96.6–98.6)

97.8 (96.6–98.6)

97.7 (96.5–98.6)

97.9 (96.8–98.7)

98.7 (97.7–99.3)

LR positive (95 % CI)

11.9 (3.5–40.3)

11.9 (3.5–40.3)

14.9 (4.2–52.4)

9.9 (2.2–44.1)

39.6 (10.6–148.7)

217.8 (51.2–927.5)

LR negative (95 % CI)

0.88 (0.75–1.03)

0.88 (0.75–0.84)

0.88 (0.75–1.03)

0.92 (0.81–1.04)

0.83 (0.69–1.00)

0.52 (0.35–0.77)

DOR (95 % CI)

13.5 (2.7–59.5)

13.5 (2.7–59.5)

16.9 (3.2–78.2)

10.8 (1.5–60.1)

47.7 (9.1–251.4)

416.6 (74.1–3087.2)

  1. TP true positive, FP false positive, FN false negative, TN true negative, CI confidence interval, PPV positive predictive value, NPV negative predictive value, LR likelihood ratio, DOR diagnostic odds ratio