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Table 1 Information on plant species, voucher specimens, traditional remedies and ethnobotanic sources indicating anti-malarial use

From: In vitro and in vivo anti-malarial activity of plants from the Brazilian Amazon

Species

Family

Accession number

Common name

Remedy

Source

Anacardium occidentale

Anacardiaceae

INPA 57941

Cajueiro

Bark, leaves, fruit infusions, decoction (10 drops 2×/day of trunk bark alcohol extract)

[58, 68, 82, 96, 109, 113]

Andropogon leucostachyus

Poaceae

INPA 250467

Capim-colchão

Whole plant decoction

[58]

Clidemia bullosa

Melastomataceae

INPA 250466

Caiuia

Not founda

Not founda

Croton cajucara

Euphorbiaceae

EAFM 315

Sacaca

Bark and leaves infusions

[58, 62–68]

Derris floribunda

Fabaceae

INPA 15562

Timbó

Branches

[58]

Miconia nervosa

Melastomataceae

INPA 250467

Miraúba

Decoction (part not specified)

[58]

Parkia nítida

Fabaceae

INPA 152124

Faveira

Not specified

[58]

Paullinia cupana

Sapindaceae

INPA 122001

Guaraná

Leaves, branches, roots, seeds

[58, 63, 96, 97]

Stigmaphyllon sinuatum

Malpighiaceae

INPA 205629

Cipó asa de gafanhoto

Leaves decoction

[58]

Xylopia amazonica

Annonaceae

INPA 183108

Envira sarassará

Not foundb

Not foundb

Zanthoxylum djalma-batistae

Rutaceae

INPA 210077

Tamanqueira

Not foundc

Not foundc

  1. a Clidemia hirta is the species cited as being in use by traditional peoples of the Peruvian Amazon [38]
  2. bFruit and trunk bark macerates and infusions of these Xylopia spp. are used as anti-malarials: Xylopia aethiopica, Xylopia aromatica, Xylopia ​brasiliensis, Xylopia emarginata, Xylopia frutescens, Xylopia grandiflora, Xylopia hypolampra, Xylopia longifolia, Xylopia parviflora, Xylopia phloiodora, Xylopia staudtii, Xylopia xylopioides [30, 58, 80–85, 125, 126]
  3. cThese Zanthoxylum spp. are used as anti-malarials: Zanthoxylum armatum, Zanthoxylum caribaem, Zanthoxylum chalybeum, Zanthoxylum chiloperone, Zanthoxylum gilletii, Zanthoxylum hermaphroditum, Zanthoxylum leprieurii, Zanthoxylum pentandrum, Zanthoxylum perrottetti, Zanthoxylum rhoifolium, Zanthoxylum rubescens, Zanthoxylum tingoassuiba, Zanthoxylum tsihanimposa, Zanthoxylum usambarense, Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides. Leaf, fruit, trunk bark and root bark decoctions are used [33, 58, 59, 84, 85, 100–105, 107–110, 127–129]