Fig. 1

Characteristics and proportion of recorded febrile cases by community. a Village population (circles, where circle size indicates relative population size and color indicates level of development); b proportion of community population enrolled in the study as febrile cases at Msambweni Hospital (hospital indicated by red triangle, village circle size indicates relative proportion value); c proportion of admitted febrile cases from each community. Villages are categorized as less developed (green) or more developed (yellow). Road networks (major and minor roads) are also shown