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Fig. 4 | Malaria Journal

Fig. 4

From: Transfection with thymidine kinase permits bromodeoxyuridine labelling of DNA replication in the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum

Fig. 4

BrdU causes schizont-stage arrest in TK-expressing parasites. a Developmental stages of +TK parasites assessed at 8 h intervals over a single growth cycle in the presence of 0, 100 nM or 1 mM BrdU. 100 parasites were counted at each timepoint. Photographs show representative parasite morphology at each stage: R ring, ET early trophozoite (parasite less than half the width of host cell), MT middle trophozoite (parasite more than half the width of, but not entirely filling, host cell), LT late trophozoite (parasite filling all or nearly all of host cell), ES early schizont (nuclear masses visible within parasite), LS late schizont (defined merozoites visible), P pyknotic (parasite stained as a dense shrunken intracellular dot without clear morphological features), O parasite outside erythrocyte, hpi hours post invasion. b ELISA on +TK parasites, plated at 1 × 106 parasites/well, after ring-stage exposure to 0, 0.41, 11 or 100 mM BrdU for 4 h. Parasites were either harvested immediately after washing out the BrdU, as rings, or cultured until the late-trophozoite stage and then harvested for ELISA. Control (ctrl) parasites were cultured to the trophozoite stage before exposing to 100 mM BrdU for 4 h at this stage and then harvesting immediately. The background signal, obtained from parallel samples incubated without BrdU, has been subtracted from each set of readings. Error bars show standard deviation of triplicate readings

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