Fig. 2

a Mean malaria prevalence per cluster on the basis of sampled individuals across Rusinga Island using Aerial interpolation. b Map of Rusinga Island showing two clusters of households (orange dots) with significantly elevated levels of malaria prevalence. The primary cluster is located at the central north of the island; a secondary cluster is covering an area to the west. Figure 2 a would suggest another cluster of malaria in the south-east, however prevalence in this area is not significantly greater than in neighbouring areas. The grey dots b with black outlines are the sampled houses in the prevalence surveys; the paler grey dots indicate all houses on the island