The risk of malaria in Ghanaian infants born to women managed in pregnancy with intermittent screening and treatment for malaria or intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine

Table 5 Incidence rates of clinical malaria, fever overall and non-malaria fevers in children born to women with or without placental malaria (all episodes during passive surveillance)

Analysis population, Intervention group	Clinical malaria episodes	Person-years at risk	Incidence rate per year	Rate ratio^a (95 % CI)	p value*
ATP1, PM−	68	303.0	0.22	(Reference)	–
ATP1, PM+	26	133.0	0.20	0.86 (0.54, 1.37)	0.52

Analysis population, Intervention group	Fever episodes	Person-years at risk	Incidence rate per year	Rate ratio^a (95 % CI)	p value*
ATP1, PM−	361	303.0	1.19	(Reference)	–
ATP1, PM+	131	133.0	0.98	0.90(0.72, 1.12)	0.33

Analysis population, Intervention group	Non-malaria fever episodes	Person-years at risk	Incidence rate per year	Rate ratio^a (95 % CI)	p value*
ATP1, PM−	272	303.0	0.90	(Reference)	–
ATP1, PM+	97	133.0	0.73	0.85 (0.69, 1.05)	0.13

Analysis population, Intervention group	Anaemia episodes	Person-years at risk	Incidence rate per year	Rate ratio^a (95 % CI)	p value*
ATP1, PM−	49	303.0	0.16	(Reference)	–
ATP1, PM+	26	133.0	0.20	0.99 (0.82, 1.20)	0.94

IPTp-SP intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine, ISTp-AL screening with a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) and treatment with artemether–lumefantrine, ATP1 primary analysis according to protocol
* Two-sided p values
^aCovariates adjusted: for gender, socio-economic status, rural/urban residence location, irrigated area residence location, season, ITN use, age at visit, mother’s parasitaemia status on day of enrolment into the initial cohort, predelivery haemoglobin

ISSN: 1475-2875