Fig. 5

Comparison of malaria detected during contact tracing among members of index case households versus among members of other (more distal) households, studies in Africa and India, 2009–2015. This is an analysis where the raw numbers have been used, and no adjustment was done for clustering at the household level or by index case or other factors. In the study by Stresman et al., the non-index households were randomly selected from the same locality [19]. CI confidence interval, HH household, PCR polymerase chain reaction, RDT rapid diagnostic malaria test, RR risk ratio