Table 1 Characteristics of participants by location and type of study, India, 2014

Time period

Jan 14–Dec 14

Jan 14–Jan 15

Feb 14–Aug 14

Mar 14–Sep 14

 Mean age, 95 % CI, years

32.3, 25.5–39.0

31.5, 30.5–32.6

27.3, 19.4–35.2

37.9, 35.0–40.8^a

 Age <18 years (%)

3 (16.7)

171 (19.7)

7 (35.0)

16 (12.2)^a

 Female (%)

5 (27.8)

526 (60.6)^a

6 (30.0)

78 (59.5)^a

 Recruited in rainy season (%)

10 (55.6)

472 (54.4)

9 (45.0)

60 (45.8)

Among persons ≥18 years

N = 15

N = 697

N = 13

N = 115

 Primary school highest level (%)

8 (53.3)

230 (33.0)

6 (46.2)

46 (40.0)

 Salaried employment (%)

9 (60.0)

187 (26.1)^a

4 (30.8)

12 (10.4)

History and symptoms

N = 18

N = 868

N = 20

N = 131

 Documented fever (%)

7 (38.9)

20 (2.3)^a

11 (55.0)

7 (5.3)^a

 History of fever in last 48 h (%)

18 (100)

121 (13.9)^a

9 (45.0)

27 (20.6)^a

 History of or documented fever (%)

18 (100)

126 (14.5)^a

16 (80.0)

29 (22.1)^a

 History of malaria in last year (%)

5 (27.8)

48 (5.5)^a

2 (10.0)

3 (2.3)

 Anti-malarials used in last year (%)

5/5 (100.0)

31/47 (63.8)

0/2 (0.0)

0/3 (0.0)

 Use of nets^b (%)

1 (5.6)

21 (2.4)

1 (5.0)

16 (12.2)

 Use of mosquito repellent (mat/vapour/coil)

4 (22.2)

279 (32.1)

5 (25.0)

56 (42.8)

 History of travel in last 14 days (%)

2 (11.1)

114 (13.1)

1 (5.0)

8 (6.1)

 Anaemia (%)^c

5 (27.8)

316/866 (36.5)

14 (70.0)

87 (66.4)

 Mean haemoglobin, 95 % CI, g/dl

12.9, 11.7–14.1

12.6, 12.4–12.7

11.0, 9.8–12.1

11.4, 11.1–11.7

Laboratory result

N = 18

N = 868

N = 20

N = 131

 Microscopy: any species (%)

18 (100)

4 (0.5)

20 (100)

0

  P. falciparum

3 (16.7)

1 (0.1)

1 (5.0)

0

  P. vivax

15 (83.3)

3 (0.4)

19 (95.0)

0

 Gametocytes P. falciparum (%)

1 (5.6)

0

1 (5.0)

0

 Gametocytes P. vivax (%)

15 (83.3)

3 (0.4)

19 (95.0)

0

 Parasites densities 95 % CI, per μl

  P. falciparum

843, 34–19,253 (n = 3)

800 (n = 1)

3160 (n = 1)

–

  P. vivax

1850, 934–3664 (n = 15)

1754, 517–5950 (n = 3)

3816, 2280–6388 (n = 19)

–

  Gametocytes P. falciparum

40 (n = 1)

–

520 (n = 1)

–

  Gametocytes P. vivax

860, 498–1484 (n = 15)

395, 160–972 (n = 3)

1496, 832–2692 (n = 19)

–

 PCR: any species (%)

17/17 (100.0)

4 (0.5)

17 (85.0)

0/131 (0.0)

  P. falciparum

3 (16.7)

1 (0.1)

1 (5.0)

0

  P. vivax

14 (77.8)

3 (0.4)

16 (80.0)

0