Antibody levels against GLURP R2, MSP1 block 2 hybrid and AS202.11 and the risk of malaria in children living in hyperendemic (Burkina Faso) and hypo-endemic (Ghana) areas

Adu, Bright; Cherif, Mariama K.; Bosomprah, Samuel; Diarra, Amidou; Arthur, Fareed K. N.; Dickson, Emmanuel K.; Corradin, Giampietro; Cavanagh, David R.; Theisen, Michael; Sirima, Sodiomon B.; Nebie, Issa; Dodoo, Daniel

doi:10.1186/s12936-016-1146-4

Table 3 Association between antibody levels and clinical malaria among children from Burkina Faso and Ghana

From: Antibody levels against GLURP R2, MSP1 block 2 hybrid and AS202.11 and the risk of malaria in children living in hyperendemic (Burkina Faso) and hypo-endemic (Ghana) areas

Antibody	Antigens	Burkina Faso			Ghana			Overall
Antibody	Antigens	Crude HR (95 % CI)	HR adjusted for age (95 % CI)^a	p value for adjusted HR	Crude HR (95 % CI)	HR adjusted for age (95 % CI)^a	p value for adjusted HR	Crude HR (95 % CI)^b	HR adjusted for age (95 % CI)^b	p value for adjusted HR
IgG	GLURP R2	0.75 (0.66, 0.85)	0.84 (0.73, 0.97)	0.01	0.77 (0.44, 1.34)	0.73 (0.41, 1.30)	0.28	0.75 (0.66, 0.85)	0.85 (0.74, 0.97)	0.02
	MSP1-hybrid	0.73 (0.61, 0.87)	0.83 (0.70, 0.98)	0.03	1.40 (0.64, 3.08)	1.19 (0.57, 2.50)	0.64	0.75 (0.63, 0.89)	0.85 (0.72, 1.01)	0.06
	AS202.11	0.93 (0.82, 1.05)	0.97 (0.87, 1.09)	0.65	1.37 (0.89, 2.11)	1.15 (0.85, 1.56)	0.38	0.93 (0.82, 1.06)	0.98 (0.88, 1.10)	0.76
IgG1	GLURP R2	0.86 (0.73, 1.00)	0.97 (0.82, 1.14)	0.68	0.93 (0.47, 1.85)	0.91 (0.45, 1.86)	0.8	0.86 (0.74, 1.00)	0.97 (0.83, 1.14)	0.69
IgG1	MSP1-hybrid	0.96 (0.75, 1.23)	0.96 (0.77, 1.21)	0.76	1.22 (0.78, 1.92)	1.03 (0.67, 1.58)	0.91	1.00 (0.80, 1.25)	1.01 (0.82, 1.24)	0.94
IgG2	GLURP R2	0.74 (0.65, 0.83)	0.85 (0.75, 0.96)	0.01	1.45 (0.71, 2.97)	1.24 (0.64, 2.43)	0.52	0.74 (0.66,0.84)	0.86 (0.76, 0.98)	0.02
IgG2	MSP1-hybrid	0.73 (0.59, 0.91)	0.87 (0.70, 1.08)	0.2	1.19 (0.47, 3.01)	1.17 (0.51, 2.67)	0.72	0.74 (0.60, 0.92)	0.89 (0.72, 1.10)	0.27
IgG3	GLURP R2	0.73 (0.66, 0.81)	0.81 (0.73, 0.90)	<0.0001	0.48 (0.25, 0.93)	0.54 (0.30, 0.98)	0.04	0.73 (0.66, 0.81)	0.81 (0.73, 0.90)	<0.0001
IgG3	MSP1-hybrid	0.85 (0.78, 0.93)	0.91 (0.84, 0.99)	0.04	0.82 (0.38, 1.77)	0.83 (0.33, 2.08)	0.69	0.86 (0.78, 0.94)	0.92 (0.84, 1.00)	0.05
IgG4	GLURP R2	0.79 (0.68, 0.92)	0.85 (0.73, 0.98)	0.02	1.18 (0.31, 4.57)	1.30 (0.38, 4.43)	0.68	0.79 (0.68, 0.92)	0.85 (0.73, 0.98)	0.02
IgG4	MSP1-hybrid	0.95 (0.83, 1.09)	0.97 (0.85, 1.11)	0.65	1.14 (0.32, 4.03)	0.82 (0.29, 2.31)	0.7	0.95 (0.83, 1.09)	0.98 (0.86, 1.11)	0.73
IgM	GLURP R2	0.66 (0.55, 0.79)	0.77 (0.63, 0.95)	0.01	0.70 (0.14, 3.57)	1.14 (0.24, 5.40)	0.87	0.66 (0.55, 0.79)	0.78 (0.64, 0.95)	0.02
	MSP1-hybrid	0.72 (0.63, 0.84)	0.81 (0.70, 0.94)	0.01	1.42 (0.25, 8.07)	1.68 (0.36, 7.93)	0.51	0.73 (0.63, 0.84)	0.82 (0.70, 0.95)	0.01
	AS202.11	0.86 (0.74, 0.99)	0.92 (0.80, 1.05)	0.23	0.58 (0.23, 1.45)	0.70 (0.26, 1.90)	0.49	0.85 (0.74, 0.98)	0.92 (0.80, 1.06)	0.23

Crude hazard ratios (HR) as well as age-adjusted HR and p values are shown, indicating the ratio of malaria hazard rates associated with a tenfold increase in baseline antibody level
^a95 % CI were estimated using Cox regression model with robust standard error to adjust for clustering in children
^bStratified estimates (i.e., equal coefficients across sites but with baseline hazard unique to each site)

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