Table 1 Published case reports of severe thrombocytopaenia associated with severe Plasmodium vivax malaria
From: Imported Plasmodium vivax malaria with severe thrombocytopaenia: can it be severe malaria or not?
Year of publication/reference | Location of malaria acquisition | Age/sex | Platelet count/μL (nadir) | Other complications | Diagnostic method/parasite density | P. falciparum excluded | Treatment/platelets transfusion (N unit) | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1997/[15] | Thailand | 27/F | 22.000 | No | Microscopy/serology/0.6 % | Yes | Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine + primaquine/no | Recovery |
1998/[24] | India | 20/M | 14.000 | Severe anemia (Hb 3 g/dL) | Microscopy/NR | No | Chloroquine + primaquine/no | Recovery |
1999/[11] | India | 43/F | 5.000 | No | Microscopy/RDT/NR | Yes | Chloroquine + primaquine/no | Recovery |
1999/[11] | Colombia | 32/M | 17.000 | Shock; ARDS | Microscopy/PCR/5 % | Yes | Quinidine + primaquine/no | Recovery |
2002/[12] | India | 43/M | 8.000 | No | Microscopy/RDT/NR | Yes | Quinine sulphate/yes (6 units) | Recovery |
2003/[26] | India | 29/M | 35.000 | Jaundice | Microscopy/PCR/<1 % | Yes | Chloroquine + primaquine/no | Recovery |
2003/[27] | Mexico | 30/M | 6.000 | Epistaxis | Microscopy/NR | No | Quinine + doxycycline switched to chloroquine + primaquine/yes (20 units) | Recovery |
2004/[28] | Brazil | 20/M | 2.000 | Petechiae, hemorrhagic bullae | Microscopy/PCR/NR | Yes | Chloroquine/yes (1 unit)/prednisone | Recovery ITPa |
2005/[29] | Brazil | 43/F | 17.000 | ARDS; shock | Microscopy/RDT/NR | Yes | Chloroquine + artemether + primaquine/No | Recovery |
2005/[30] | India | 7/M | 6.000 | Petechial rash, gum bleeding | Microscopy/bone marrow/NR | No | Chloroquine (1 dose) followed by quinine dihydrochloride + primaquine/yes (2 units)/steroids | Recovery |
2006/[31] | Venezuela | 50/F | 25.000 | ARDS | Microscopy/PCR/1200/μL | Yes | Mefloquine + primaquine/no | Recovery |
2006/[32] | Turkey | 22 days/F | 17.000 | Jaundice | Microscopy/NR | No | Chloroquine + primaquine/yes (NR) | Recovery |
2007/[33] | Guyana | 59/M | 10.000 | ARDS; shock; renal failure | Microscopy/PCR/5 % | Yes | Quinine sulphate + doxycycline switched to intravenous quinidine/yes (1 unit) | Recovery |
2007/[34] | Pakistan | 59/M | 39.000 | ARDS; renal failure | Microscopy/RDT/PCR/3 % | Yes | Chloroquine + primaquine/no | Recovery |
2007/[35] | India | 8/M | 30.000 | Renal failure; petechial rash | Microscopy/RDT/24.000/μL | Yes | Quinine dihydrochloride/no | Recovery |
2007/[36] | Republic of Korea | 21/M | 25.000 | Shock | Microscopy/RDT/PCR/2352/μL | Yes | Chloroquine + primaquine/no | Recovery |
2007/[36] | Republic of Korea | 33/M | 40.000 | Shock | Microscopy/RDT/12.376/μL | Yes | Chloroquine + primaquine/no | Recovery |
2008/[37] | Brazil | 14/M | 6.000 | No | Microscopy/bone marrow/PCR/NR | Yes | Chloroquine + primaquine/no | Recovery |
2009/[38] | India | 4/F | 11.000 | Shock; bleeding; increased liver enzymes (AST 1080 U/L) | Microscopy/bone marrow/PCR/RDT/ | Yes | Artesunate + mefloquine + primaquine + immunoglobulin/yes | Recovery |
2009/[39] | Republic of Korea | 27/F | 21.000 | Myocarditis | Microscopy/PCR/6990/μL | Yes | Chloroquine/no | Recovery |
2009/[40] | India | 1/M | 20.000 | Severe anemia; intracranial bleeding; seizures | Microscopy/RDT/NR | No | Cloroquine + quinine dihydrochloride +primaquine/yes | Recovery with hydrocephalus |
2010/[41] | Republic of Korea | 52/M | 40.000 | Retinal hemorrhage; jaundice; spleen infarction | Microscopy/9188/μL | No | Chloroquine + primaquine/no | Recovery |
2010/[42] | Brazil | 16/M | 12.000 | Rhabdomyolysis, renal failure | Microscopy/PCR/1520/μL | Yes | Chloroquine + artesunate + clindamycin/no | Recovery |
2010/[43] | India | 8/F | 21.000 | Petechial rash; severe anemia (Hb 4.7 g/dL); hematemesis | Microscopy/bone marrow/RDT/1.5 % | Yes | Chloroquine + primaquine/no | Recovery |
2010/[43] | India | 4/F | 35.000 | Epistaxis; melena | Microscopy/RDT/NR | Yes | Chloroquine + primaquine/yes (NR) | Recovery |
2011/[44] | India | 50/M | 19.000 | ARDS, hypotension | Microscopy/NR | No | Artesunate + primaquine/no | Recovery |
2012/[45] | India | 17/M | 34.000 | Acute pancreatitis; shock | Microscopy/RDT/NR | Yes | NR/No | Died |
2013/[46] | Malaysia | 38/M | 41.000 | ARDS | Microscopy/PCR/16/μL | Yes | Artesunate + primaquine/no | Recovery |
2013/[47] | India | 19/F | 45.000 | Acute myocarditis | Microscopy/RDT/NR | Yes | Artesunate + doxycycline/no | Recovery |
2013/[48] | India | 11/M | 27.000 | Petechial rash; jaundice; acute renal failure; GI bleeding, shock | Microscopy/RDT/NR | No | Artesunate/yes (NR) | Recovery |
2013/[49] | Republic of Korea | 59/M | 37.000 | ARDS; acute renal failure; jaundice; lactic acidosis | Microscopy/RDT/16,380/μL | Yes | Artesunate + chloroquine + primaquine/no | Recovery |
2014/[50] | Greece | 42/F | 24.000 | ARDS; jaundice | Microscopy/PCR//0.007 % | Yes | Mefloquine + quinine + doxycycline + primaquine/no | Recovery |
2014/[51] | India | 8/F | 11.000 | GCS 7; haemophagocytic syndrome; acute renal failure; hypotension | Microscopy/bone marrow/RDT/NR | Yes | Artesunate + sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine + primaquine/no | Recovery |