Fig. 2

This is the CONSORT diagram showing the process whereby 186 perinatally HIV-exposed and uninfected children (HEU) at 4–5 months of age were enrolled in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the effects of four different malaria chemoprevention treatment arms on incidence of malaria illness and levels of anaemia. At 2 years of age, these children malaria chemoprevention was discontinued and children co-enrolled in the present study (N = 143) were evaluated with the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL). All RCT children continued to be monitored for malaria illness and anaemia until 3 years of age, at which time remaining eligible children were again evaluated with the MSEL (N = 122)