Table 2 Description of input variables in the antibiotic over-treatment analysis
Input | Description | Source |
|---|---|---|
Main | ||
 RDT done | RDT done prior to consultation (yes or no) | Provider interview |
 RDT result | RDT result (positive or negative) | Provider interview |
Patient | ||
 Caregiver sex | Gender (male or female) | Exit interview |
 Child sex | Gender (male or female) | Observation |
 Caregiver age | Age (numeric: 11–74 years) | Exit interview |
 Diarrhoea | Diarrhea complaint (yes or no) | Exit interview |
 CDB | Cough or difficult breathing (yes or no) | Exit interview |
 Danger sign | Any danger sign complaint (yes or no) | Exit interview |
 Temperature | Temperature (numeric: 35°–40.8°) | Re-examination |
 Illness duration | Illness duration (numeric: 0–60 days) | Exit interview |
 Nearest facility | Nearest facility to home (yes or no) | Exit interview |
 Clinical examination | Counted breaths for 60 s (yes or no) | Observation |
 Consultation length | Derived from consultation start and end times (numeric: 0–307 min) | Observation |
 Consultation start hour | Derived from consultation start time (numeric: 7:00–17:00) | Observation |
 Wait time | Reported wait from arrival to consultation (numeric: 0–600 min) | Exit interview |
Provider | ||
 Provider sex | Gender (male or female) | Observation |
 Job qualification | Doctor/clinical officer/technician or medical assistant or nurse/midwife/HSA | Observation |
 Supervisor status | Supervisor or in-charge (yes or no) | Provider interview |
 Experience | Year received current job qualification (numeric: 1950–2014) | Provider interview |
 Work hours | Average work hours per week (numeric: 1–90 h per week) | Provider interview |
 Training | RDT training (ever received or not) | Provider interview |
 Training | IMCI training (ever received or not) | Provider interview |
 Supervision | Provider supervision (ever received or not) | Provider interview |
 Supervision quality | Discussed work issues during most recent supervisory visit (yes or no) | Provider interview |
Facility | ||
 Malaria risk | PfPR in 2–10 year olds (numeric: 0.0–0.4) | Malaria Atlas Project |
 Transmission season | Transmission season (peak or off-peak) | MARA |
 Location | Residence (urban or rural) | Facility audit |
 Region | Region (central or north or south) | Facility audit |
 Facility type | Hospital (central, district, rural, other) or other facility (centre, post, dispensary, clinic) | Facility audit |
 Managing authority | Government or CHAM/other | Facility audit |
 Management | Routine management meetings (yes or no) | Facility audit |
 Staffing | Total staff doctors (numeric: 0–119) | Facility audit |
 External supervision | External supervisory visit to facility (ever received or not) | Facility audit |
 User fees | Routine general user fees (yes or no) | Facility audit |
 Medicine stocks | Antibiotic (any type available or not) | Facility audit |
 Medicine stocks | Anti-malarial (any type available or not) | Facility audit |
 Supply stocks | RDT (observed valid or not in either service area or laboratory) | Facility audit |
 Supply stocks | Facility or staff timer (available or not) | Facility audit |
 Guidelines | RDT job aid or guidelines (available or not) | Facility audit |
 Guidelines | IMCI guidelines (available or not) | Facility audit |