Skip to main content

Table 1 Plasmodium chabaudi-infected IL-10−/− mice show impaired performance in the SHIRPA assessment

From: Behavioural and neurological symptoms accompanied by cellular neuroinflammation in IL-10-deficient mice infected with Plasmodium chabaudi

 

Day 10

IL-10−/− vs. C57BL/6J

C57BL/6J

<120 h

<96 h

<72 h

<48 h

<24 h

n = 16

n = 4

p

n = 6

P

n = 5

p

n = 5

p

n = 8

p

Weight

17.8 (1.6)

18.2 (2.7)

NS

17.4 (1.9)

NS

16.8 (3.1)

NS

16.4 (2.3)

NS

14.7 (1.9)

<0.001*

Reflex/sensory function

 Visual placing

4 (4/4)

3.5 (3/4)

NS

3 (3/4)

0.015*

3 (3/4)

0.039*

3 (3/3.5)

0.005*

3 (3/4)

0.006*

 Pinna reflex

1 (1/1)

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

 Corneal reflex

1 (1/1)

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

 Toe pinch

4 (4/4)

4 (4/4)

NS

4 (4/4)

NS

4 (4/4)

NS

4 (4/4)

NS

4 (4/4)

NS

 Righting reflex

3 (3/3)

3 (3/3)

NS

3 (3/3)

NS

3 (3/3)

NS

3 (2.5/3)

NS

3 (1/3)

0.018*

 Cont. right. reflex

1 (1/1)

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

Neuropsychiatric state

 Spont. activity

2 (2/2)

2 (2/2)

NS

2 (2/2)

NS

2 (1/2)

0.012*

1 (1/2)

0.001*

1 (1/1.5)

<0.001*

 Transfer arousal

5 (5/5)

5 (4.25/5)

NS

5 (4/5)

NS

5 (4.5/5)

NS

3 (2.5/5)

0.017*

2 (2/4.5)

<0.001*

 Touch escape

2 (2/2)

2 (2/2)

NS

2 (2/2)

NS

2 (1.5/2)

NS

2 (2/2)

NS

2 (1/2)

0.005*

 Posit. passivity

4 (4/4)

4 (4/4)

NS

4 (4/4)

NS

4 (4/4)

NS

4 (4/4)

NS

4 (4/4)

NS

 Provoked biting

0 (0/0)

0 (0/0)

NS

0 (0/0)

NS

0 (0/0)

NS

0 (0/0.5)

NS

1 (0/1)

0.001*

 Fear

1 (1/1)

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

0 (0/1)

0.001*

0 (0/1)

<0.001*

 Irritability

1 (1/1)

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (0.5/1)

NS

 Aggression

1 (1/1)

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

 Vocalization

1 (1/1)

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (0/1)

NS

0 (0/0.5)

0.002*

Motor behavior

 Body position

4 (3/4)

4 (4/4)

NS

4 (4/4)

NS

3 (3/3.5)

NS

3 (3/3.5)

NS

3 (3/3.5)

0.043*

 Tremor

2 (2/2)

2 (2/2)

NS

2 (2/2)

NS

2 (2/2)

NS

2 (1/2)

0.012*

2 (1/2)

0.005*

 Locom. activity

6.2 (4.9)

8.8 (5.4)

NS

14.3 (8.2)

0.009*

8.6 (4.8)

NS

4.2 (2.8)

NS

3.7 (1.9)

NS

 Pelvic elevation

2 (2/2)

2 (2/2)

NS

2 (2/2)

NS

2 (2/2)

NS

2 (2/2)

NS

2 (1.5/2)

NS

 Gait

3 (3/3)

3 (3/3)

NS

3 (3/3)

NS

3 (3/3)

NS

3 (2/3)

0.012*

3 (1.5/3)

0.005*

 Tail elevation

1 (1/1)

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (0/1)

0.018*

 Trunk curl

1 (1/1)

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

 Limb grasping

1 (1/1)

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

 Wire maneuver

4 (4/4)

4 (4/4)

NS

4 (4/4)

NS

4 (4/4)

NS

4 (4/4)

NS

4 (2/4)

0.018*

 Negative geotaxis

4 (4/4)

4 (4/4)

NS

4 (4/4)

NS

4 (4/4)

NS

4 (4/4)

NS

4 (0/4)

0.018*

Autonomous function

 Resp. rate

3 (2/3)

2 (2/2)

0.034*

2 (2/2)

0.012*

3 (2/3)

NS

2 (2/3)

NS

2 (2/3)

NS

 Feces

1.3 (1.6)

2.0 (0.8)

NS

1.0 (1.5)

NS

0.2 (0.4)

NS

0.4 (0.5)

NS

0.4 (1.0)

NS

 Urine

0 (0/0)

0 (0/0)

NS

0 (0/0)

NS

0 (0/0)

NS

0 (0/0)

NS

0 (0/0)

NS

 Palpebral closure

2 (2/2)

2 (2/2)

NS

2 (2/2)

NS

2 (1.5/2)

NS

2 (1/2)

0.012*

2 (1/2)

0.005*

 Piloerection

0 (0/0.75)

1 (1/1)

0.009*

1 (1/1)

0.002*

1 (0/1)

NS

0 (0/1)

NS

0 (0/1)

NS

 Skin color

1 (1/1)

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (0/1)

NS

 Heart rate

2 (1.25/2)

1 (1/1)

0.009*

1 (1/1)

0.002*

1 (1/2)

NS

1 (1/1.5)

0.035*

1 (1/1)

0.002*

 Lacrimation

1 (1/1)

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (0.5/1)

NS

1 (0/1)

0.012*

1 (0/1)

0.005*

 Salivation

1 (0/2)

0 (0/0.75)

NS

0.5 (0/1)

NS

1 (0/2)

NS

1 (0/2)

NS

2 (2/2)

0.015*

 Temperature

36.4 (0.9)

38.5 (0.2)

0.019*

38.7 (0.3)

0.011*

37.9 (0.3)

0.031*

35.5 (3.1)

NS

33.4 (2.9)

0.021*

Muscle tone and strength

 Grip strength

3 (3/3)

3 (3/3)

NS

3 (3/3)

NS

3 (3/3)

NS

3 (2.5/3)

NS

2 (1.5/3)

<0.001*

 Body tone

1 (1/1)

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (0.5/1)

NS

 Limb tone

2 (2/2)

2 (2/2.75)

NS

2 (2/3)

NS

2 (2/3)

NS

2 (2/3)

NS

2 (2/2)

NS

 Abdominal tone

1 (1/1)

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

1 (1/1)

NS

  1. Compiled from two independent experiments, female IL-10−/− mice (n = 11) and C57Bl/6 J mice (n = 16) were inoculated with 105 Pcc-iRBCs i.p. and followed for 10–14 days during the acute phase of infection in which the SHIRPA comprehensive behavioral assessment was performed daily. SHIRPA data was pooled from infected IL-10−/− mice exhibiting fatal symptoms early during the acute phase of infection (<12 days post-inoculation) and synchronized to the time of death of the individual mouse. Synchronized IL-10−/− SHIRPA scores were compared to the peak of infection for C57Bl/6J control animals (day 10 post-inoculation). Data shown are median (lower/upper quartile) or mean (± SD) where appropriate. Statistical significance determined by Rank Sum Test or Student’s t test (p < 0.05). Significant values are starred and displayed in italic font
Back to article page

Malaria Journal

ISSN: 1475-2875

Contact us