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Fig. 1 | Malaria Journal

Fig. 1

From: Glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue, liraglutide, in experimental cerebral malaria: implications for the role of oxidative stress in cerebral malaria

Fig. 1

Effects of liraglutide and erythropoietin on parasite growth and animal survival after Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection. Plasmodium berghei ANKA infected C57Bl/6j [experimental cerebral malaria (ECM; closed line)] or Balb/c [non-cerebral malaria (NCM; dotted line)] mice were administered vehicle (black) or liraglutide (Lira: 200 μg/kg; blue) from day 4 post infection. Finally, a group of ECM mice was administered erythropoietin (red, Epo) from day 4 post infection. a Survival in ECM mice refers to a pre-determined humane endpoint where the animal is deemed terminal when the body temperature is <32 °C. Survival data is presented as a Kaplan–Meier plot. Parasitaemia was enumerated by flow cytometry as described in detail in [32]. Reticulocytes were separated from infected erythrocytes by gating reticulocytes from uninfected control animals. Parasitaemia is presented as line graphs + SEM. All data in a and ECM animals in b are the combined data from three separate experiments (n = 32, 33). NCM (n = 10, 10) and Epo (n = 8) mice are the results from one experiment

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