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Fig. 2 | Malaria Journal

Fig. 2

From: Immune response pattern in recurrent Plasmodium vivax malaria

Fig. 2

Biomarker profiles of primary malaria vs recurrent malaria. The biomarker profiles were performed by converting the original data (leukocyte subsets and plasmatic cytokine profile), obtained as continuous variables, into categorical parameters. The results were reported as the proportion of subjects with high biomarker levels above the cut-offs calculated for the study population, as described in “Methods” section. The data were arranged as descendent biomarker profile for endemic controls (white bars), and used as reference curve (dotted line) for comparative analyses with malaria patients (primary malaria = light-gray bars and the recurrent malaria = dark-gray bars). The χ2 test was used to identify significant differences at p < 0.05. Asterisks represents the significance levels (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.005 and ***p < 0.0005). Significant differences between primary and recurrent malaria were represented by hash

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