Table 2 Bivariate and multivariate analyses among malaria infected (n = 43) versus non-infected subjects (n = 1489)

Socio-demographic

 Age category (years)

≤15 as reference

  16–45

15.17 (3.55–64.8)

<0.0001

13.98 (2.17–89.58)

0.005

  46+^a

–

–

–

–

 Gender

Female as reference

  Male

20.26 (5.97–68.69)

<0.0001

12.54 (3.02–52.12)

0.001

 Occupation category

Unemployed as reference

  Not forest-related job

4.06 (0.52–31.99)

0.183

–

–

  Forest-related job

28.87 (3.76–221.64)

0.001

–

–

Prevention and behaviours

 Travel in the previous month

No as reference

  Yes

42.78 (14.29–128.20)

<0.0001

–

–

 Sleep under bed net

No as reference

  Yes

0.45 (0.23–0.90)

0.023

2.75 (0.83–9.05)

0.097

Forest exposure and environment

 Workplace near or in forest

No as reference

  Yes, overnights not required

2.20 (0.55–8.72)

0.263

0.60 (0.11–3.21)

0.555

  Yes, overnights required

96.63 (23.00–406.21)

<0.0001

7.92 (1.58–39.71)

0.012

 Visited forest in previous month for any reason

No as reference

  Yes

35.23 (11.54–107.58)

<0.0001

5.62 (1.31–24.15)

0.020