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Table 4 Percentage of respondents who reported receiving blood tests, anti-malarials and associated costs (N = 894)

From: Treatment-seeking behaviour and associated costs for malaria in Papua, Indonesia

Healthcare provider

Percentage with blood test for malaria n (%)

Frequency anti-malarials were prescribed n (%)

Visit costs

Transport costs

Total direct costs

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Private (N = 519)

148 (29%)

300 (58%)

11.52 (29.86)

0.93 (1.96)

12.46 (30.25)

Private clinic or doctor (N = 240)

124 (52%)

187 (78%)

21.66 (41.44)

1.53 (2.73)

23.19 (41.77)

Pharmacy (N = 173)

23 (13%)

87 (50%)

3.76 (5.26)

0.58 (0.39)

4.34 (5.29)

Shop (N = 106)

1 (1%)

26 (25%)

1.25 (1.44)

0.15 (0.32)

1.40 (1.57)

Public (N = 375)

285 (76%)

247 (66%)

2.63 (13.87)

0.88 (1.66)

3.52 (14.33)

Puskesmas (N = 155)

102 (66%)

94 (61%)

3.40 (11.20)

0.57 (0.69)

3.97 (11.57)

Malaria control clinic (N = 149)††

123 (83%)

107 (72%)

0.00 (0.00)

0.57 (1.59)

0.57 (1.59)

Hospital (N = 71)

60 (85%)

46 (65%)

6.49 (26.86)

2.24 (2.46)

8.72 (27.41)

p value (private vs public)

<0.001 a

0.015 b

<0.001 c

0.080c

<0.001 c

  1. Mean cost and standard deviation (SD) by type of healthcare provider are reported in US$. Visit costs includes costs of consultation, diagnosis, medications and any other costs directly related to the care received. Transport cost includes costs for the patient and anyone who accompanied him or her
  2. aOR = 7.94 [95% CI 5.86–10.76]
  3. bOR = 1.41 [95% CI 1.07–1.86]
  4. cMann–Whitney test
  5. Government-funded primary health clinic
  6. ††Mining company-funded clinic