Table 2 Risk factors (crude odds ratios) for clinical malaria (cases) compared with age- and location-matched non-malaria controls among children under-5 years of age from urban and peri-urban health facilities of Blantyre city, Malawi, sampled between April 2012 and October 2015
From: Patterns and determinants of malaria risk in urban and peri-urban areas of Blantyre, Malawi
Characteristic | Cases (N=187), n (%) | Controls (N=286), n (%) | OR (95% CI) | P value‡ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender (male) | 98 (52) | 147 (51) | 0.99 (0.67–1.47) | 0.47 |
LLIN use previous night | 157 (77) | 233 (82) | 0.75 (0.40, −1.2) | 0.31 |
Slept away from house | 18 (9) | 15 (4) | 2.35 (1.04–5.32) | 0.04 |
Tertiary education | 46 (25) | 107 (38) | 0.53 (0.34, 0.83) | 0.002 |
Ownership of house | 151 (53) | 105 (57) | 0.86 (0.55, 1.35) | 0.51 |
Toilet in house | 85 (3) | 8 (3) | 1.0 (0.32, 3.10) | 1.0 |
Piped water in house | 70 (38) | 141 (50) | 0.50 (0.26, 0.98) | 0.04 |
Finished house roof | 107 (58) | 203 (73) | 0.44 (0.27, 0.73) | 0.001 |
Finished house floor | 77 (42) | 165 (58) | 0.41 (0.25, 0.66) | 0.0003 |
Finished house walls | 119 (65) | 212 (75) | 0.58 (0.38, 0.90) | 0.01 |
Electricity at house | 26 (14) | 72 (25) | 0.44 (0.25–0.78) | 0.005 |
TV ownership | 20 (11) | 69 (24) | 0.39 (0.22, 0.69) | 0.001 |
Radio ownership | 90 (49) | 146 (52) | 0.89 (0.58–1.35) | 0.57 |
Bike ownership | 34 (19) | 48 (17) | 1.12 (0.67–1.86) | 0.66 |
Car ownership | 1 (0.6) | 4 (1.4) | 0.43 (0.05, 3.87) | 0.45 |