Box 1 The payback approach to classifying the different outcomes from research
Category descriptions |
|---|
Contribution to knowledge e.g., the initial academic outputs from research such as journal articles; conference presentations; book chapters, and research reports |
Benefits to future research and research use e.g., better targeting of future research; building research capacity in developing countries; other educational benefits |
Benefits from informing policy and product development e.g., improved information bases for decision making; development of new drugs, vaccines, and other technologies |
Health and health sector benefits e.g., improvements in health; improvements in the effectiveness and delivery of existing services |
Broader economic benefits e.g., wider economic benefits from commercial exploitation of innovations arising from R&D; economic benefits from a healthy workforce |