| MMV | CMRa
| PBFb
|
---|
Excluding LCMc
| Including LCM |
---|
Per phase | Cumu-lative | Per phase | Cumu-lative | Per phase | Cumu-lative | Per phase | Cumu-lative |
---|
Preclinical | 50 | 8 | 50 | 14 | 60 | 5 | 40 | 3 |
Phase I | 70 | 16 | 70 | 27 | 56 | 9 | 54 | 7 |
Phase IIa | 75 | 23 | 78 | 39 | 36 | 16 | 34 | 13 |
Phase IIb | 60d
| 30 | 75 | 50 | 60d
| 45 | 60d
| 38 |
Phase III | 50 | 50 | 67 | 67 | 84 | 75 | 70 | 64 |
Registration | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 89 | 89 | 91 | 91 |
-
aLCM: Life cycle management; these are the medicines that were brought into the MMV portfolio when it was already clear that they are well tolerated and effective, but the task was to generate new formulations or co-formulations
-
bPharmaceutical Benchmarking Forum; CMR data 2013
-
cPBF data 2010
-
dStage success rate of 60% for combining two medicines has been added into reflect the potential for unfavourable drug–drug interactions that prevents further development of a combination. However, as discussed in the text, this may be an underestimate, since it does not include additional risk because of the change in endpoints between parasite reduction in phase IIa (APCR on day 14 or 28) and ACPR day 28 in phase IIb. No additional allowance has been made for the risk that a medicine may fail because it is not possible to produce a pediatric presentation