Fig. 4
Sliding window plots of Tajima’s D, Fu and Li’s D* and F* for Plasmodium falciparum surf 4.1 sequence encoding the extracellular region. Data obtained in this study for western Kenyan isolates (n = 24) is plotted with a solid red line. As a comparison, previously published surf 4.1 sequences from eastern Kenya [15] and Thai [17] are plotted with a solid cyan line and a dotted black line, respectively. Sites significantly departed from the neutrality (p < 0.05, two-tailed) are indicated with circle, square, and diamond symbols on each line. Asterisk and hash symbols indicate the region where positive or negative deviation from the neutrality, respectively, were detected in the western Kenyan parasite population in this study. Dagger symbol indicates the region where negative deviation from the neutrality was detected in the eastern, but not western Kenyan population [15]. Nucleotide positions are after 3D7 line sequence. Window length is 90 bp and step size is 3 bp. A scheme of SURFIN4.1 extracellular region (bottom) are shown to visualize the location of the peaks. N-terminal (N), Cys-rich domain (CRD), and variable regions 1 and 2 (Var1 and Var2)