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Table 3 Plasmodium falciparum parasite prevalence among apparently healthy children 0–15 years old enrolled between January 2011 and April 2015 from the north-central and northwest regions of Uganda

From: Age and geographic patterns of Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection in a representative sample of children living in Burkitt lymphoma-endemic areas of northern Uganda

Characteristics

 

Unadjusted

P

Adjusted*

P

Weighted  (%)

Odds ratio (95% CI)

Odds ratio (95% CI)

All subjects

1142

54.8

–

–

–

–

Age group, years

 0–5

326

52.0

1.00

   

 6–10

572

58.2

1.29 (0.86–1.93)

   

 11–15

252

52.3

1.01 (0.56–1.85)

0.185

–

–

Sex

 Female

541

55.2

1.00

   

 Male

609

54.5

0.97 (0.68–1.39)

0.885

–

–

Proximity to water

 Far (>500 m)

486

51.6

1.00

   

 Near (≤500 m)

664

55.2

1.16 (0.63–2.12)

0.631

–

–

Population density

 Low (<2683 children)

753

59.1

1.00

   

 High (≥2683 children)

397

46.0

0.59 (0.29–1.21)

0.151

–

–

Season

 Dry season

731

48.7

1.00

 

1.00

 

 Wet season

419

69.1

2.35 (1.26–4.40)

0.009

1.81 (0.95–3.46)

0.076

Region

 North-central

697

53.0

1.00

   

 Northwest

453

57.8

1.21 (0.65–2.28)

0.547

–

–

Indoor residual spraying (IRS) sub-region

 Not an IRS district

737

65.7

1.00

   

 IRS district

413

32.8

0.26 (0.14–0.46)

<0.001

–

–

Indoor residual spraying (IRS) in house

 More than a year ago

752

64.4

1.00

 

1.00

 

 In the past year

392

34.0

0.28 (0.15–0.53)

<0.001

0.37 (0.14–1.03)

0.061

Sub-regions

 1

113

60.3

1.00

 

1.00

 

 2

289

67.7

1.38 (0.68–2.78)

 

1.30 (0.66–2.57)

 

 3

51

29.8

0.28 (0.07–1.15)

 

0.25 (0.07–0.86)

 

 4

97

21.9

0.18 (0.08–0.45)

 

0.43 (0.11–1.62)

 

 5

303

55.3

0.81 (0.39–1.69)

 

1.10 (0.44–2.75)

 

 6

90

3.2

0.02 (0.00–0.10)

 

0.03 (0.01–0.24)

 

 7

207

75.8

2.06 (0.77–5.52)

<.001

1.12 (0.43–2.89)

0.001

Mother’s education

 Up to primary 4

581

53.6

1.00

   

 Primary 5 or higher

565

56.4

1.12 (0.78–1.60)

0.551

–

–

Mother’s income (Ugandan shillings)

 <30, 000 USHS

560

59.0

1.00 (1.00–1.00)

 

1.00

 

 ≥30,000 USHS

585

49.6

0.68 (0.47–1.00)

0.055

0.57 (0.37–0.87)

0.011

Mosquito net used last night

 No

777

54.2

1.00

  

–

 Yes

366

56.4

1.09 (0.64–1.87)

0.743

–

 

Inpatient for malaria

 No

725

54.2

1.00

   

 Past 12 months

150

42.8

0.63 (0.35–1.15)

   

 More than 12 months

269

63.1

1.45 (0.88–2.39)

0.119

–

–

Outpatient for malaria

 No

523

46.9

1.00

 

1.00

 

 Past 12 months

532

60.4

1.73 (1.10–2.72)

 

1.28 (0.82–2.01)

 

 More than 12 months

89

52.6

1.26 (0.53–2.99)

0.064

1.00 (0.37–2.69)

0.476

  1. Dry season months were January to March and July to August; Wet season months were April to June and September to December. Mother’s income was estimated in Ugandan shillings (30,000 Ugandan shillings are approximately equal to 10 US dollars). Final adjusted models included all variables with P < 0.10 (season, IRS of insecticide, sub-region, mother’s income, and outpatient malaria treatment). IRS in the sub-region was not included in the model despite its unadjusted P < 0.001, since it was highly correlated with IRS in the house
  2. Results with a two-sided P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant and those with P < 0.10 were considered as showing a trend towards significance. These results are shown in italics. * The adjusted models were fit including those variables with P < 0.10 in the unadjusted analysis to adjust their effects for each other. The significant or suggestive results in the adjusted models are shown in italics
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Malaria Journal

ISSN: 1475-2875

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