Table 2 Descriptive statistics for HBM constructs
Variable name | Variable groups | Strongly agree | Agree | Disagree | Strongly disagree |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Perceived severity (Cronbach’s α = 0.79) | Malaria is a serious disease in children | 277 (56.4) | 196 (39.9) | 8 (1.6) | 10 (2.0) |
Worried that my child was suffering from malaria | 10 (2.0) | 69 (14.1) | 171 (34.8) | 241 (49.1) | |
Complications of malaria are dangerous and result in death | 241 (49.1) | 227 (46.2) | 14 (2.9) | 9 (1.8) | |
Risk of death from malaria is higher in children compared to adults | 235 (47.9) | 234 (47.7) | 14 (2.9) | 8 (1.6) | |
Malaria treatment costs me more money if complicated | 211 (43.0) | 257 (52.3) | 15 (3.1) | 8 (1.6) | |
Perceived susceptibility (Cronbach’s α = 0.89) | Persistent vomiting and diarrhea could be due to malaria | 195 (39.7) | 249 (50.7) | 39 (7.9) | 8 (1.6) |
Children would be unable to eat or have poor appetite due to malaria | 184 (37.5) | 292 (59.5) | 9 (1.8) | 6 (1.2) | |
Fever could be due to malaria | 214 (43.6) | 264 (53.8) | 7 (1.4) | 6 (1.2) | |
Malaria can cause anemia | 141 (28.7) | 282 (57.4) | 58 (11.8) | 10 (10.2) | |
Malaria could cause convulsion, chilling and joint pain | 190 (38.7) | 275 (56.0) | 20 (4.1) | 6 (1.2) | |
Children always have a chance to be infected with malaria | 167 (34.1) | 258 (52.5) | 61 (12.4) | 5 (1.0) | |
Perceived benefits (Cronbach’s α = 0.87) | Child will get better as soon as if taken to health facility | 246 (50.1) | 224 (45.6) | 17 (3.5) | 4 (0.8) |
Taking a child to a health facility prevents further complications | 177 (36.0) | 295 (60.1) | 16 (3.3) | 3 (0.6) | |
Seeking treatment avoids additional cost to treat complications | 185 (37.7) | 292 (59.5) | 9 (1.8) | 5 (1.0) | |
Seeking treatment reduce the chance of death | 170 (34.6) | 309 (62.9) | 8 (1.6) | 4 (0.8) | |
Value spending money spent for child treatment seeking | 152 (31.0) | 302 (61.5) | 33 (6.7) | 4 (0.8) | |
Perceive barrier (Cronbach’s α = 0.82) | The drugs are not effective to treat malaria | 2 (0.4) | 8 (1.6) | 35 (7.1) | 446 (90.8) |
Malaria subsides by itself without treatment | 1 (0.2) | 13 (2.6) | 56 (11.4) | 421 (85.7) | |
Health facility is far from where we live | 1 (0.2) | 9 (1.8) | 48 (9.8) | 433 (88.2) | |
Have no money to take the child to health facility | 8 (1.6) | 64 (13.0) | 112 (22.8) | 307 (62.5) | |
Traditional healers can treat the child with fever/malaria | 2 (0.4) | 13 (2.6) | 49 (10.0) | 427 (87.0) | |
The disease is not serious enough | 1 (0.2) | 13 (2.6) | 32 (6.5) | 445 (90.6) | |
Home treatment is sufficient | 4 (0.8) | 13 (2.6) | 44 (9.0) | 430 (87.6) | |
Long waiting time at health facility | 2 (0.4) | 11 (2.2) | 53 (10.8) | 425 (86.6) | |
Cue to action (Cronbach’s α = 0.89) | Malaria related messages broadcasted on television | 107 (21.8) | 204 (41.5) | 142 (28.9) | 38 (7.7) |
Malaria related messages broadcasted on radio | 105 (21.4) | 273 (55.6) | 86 (17.5) | 27 (5.5) | |
Advise from health workers | 209 (42.6) | 272 (55.4) | 6 (1.2) | 4 (0.8) | |
Advise from peers | 148 (30.1) | 304 (61.9) | 27 (5.5) | 12 (2.4) | |
Advise from health extension workers | 151 (30.8) | 291 (59.3) | 38 (7.7) | 11 (2.2) | |
Advise from family members | 146 (29.7) | 290 (59.1) | 46 (9.4) | 9 (1.8) | |
History of death of a child from malaria | 134 (27.3) | 262 (53.4) | 61 (12.4) | 34 (6.9) | |
Self-efficacy (Cronbach’s α = 0.92) | Distinguish malaria from other illnesses | 208 (42.4) | 270 (55.0) | 8 (1.6) | 5 (1.0) |
Can consult health workers for fever/malaria | 195 (39.7) | 287 (58.5) | 8 (1.6) | 1 (0.2) | |
Can use ITN to reduce risk of malaria infection in children | 193 (39.3) | 285 (58.0) | 12 (2.4) | 1 (0.2) |