Fig. 5

The time above lethality and the “mosquitocidal window”. An illustration of how the lethality target selected and the susceptibility of the local vectors can affect the efficacy of ivermectin to reduce malaria transmission. The curves represent the PK of ivermectin after a single oral 150 mcg/kg dose according to Elkassaby [28]. In both panels, the lethality target is the LC₅₀. The vectors of a are less susceptible and higher concentrations are required to kill 50% of them, the time above lethality target is 7 h. The vectors of b are much more susceptible, this increases the time above lethality eightfold. LC lethal concentration