Normoglycaemia N = 55, n (%) | Hypoglycaemia N = 10, n (%) | ORe and 95% CI | p valuee | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Socio-demographic characteristics | ||||
Age in months (median, IQR)a | 27 (10–65) | 39 (32–65) | 1.01 (0.99–1.03) | 0.514 |
Male gender | 30 (54.6) | 7 (70.0) | 1.79 (0.45–7.07) | 0.405 |
Current breastfeeding | 21 (38.2) | 2 (20.0) | 0.47 (010–2.14) | 0.330 |
History of the current disease | ||||
History of fever | 55 (100.0) | 10 (100.0) | 1.00 | |
History of cough | 16d (33.3) | 4 (40.0) | 1.36 (0.36–5.21) | 0.650 |
History of vomit | 7d (14.6) | 2 (20.0) | 1.63 (0.33–8.14) | 0.553 |
History of diarrhoea | 7d (14.6) | 1 (10.0) | 0.87 (0.13–5.78) | 0.889 |
Difficulties to breastfeed/anorexia | 23 (41.8) | 3 (30.0) | 0.65 (0.16–2.56) | 0.533 |
Difficulties to drink | 11 (20.0) | 2 (20.0) | 1.14 (0.24–5.37) | 0.870 |
Fasting ≥8 h | 37 (67.3) | 6 (60.0) | 0.71 (0.19–2.68) | 0.616 |
History of seizures | 11d (22.9) | 1 (10.0) | 0.52 (0.08–3.26) | 0.481 |
Anthropometrics | ||||
Weight in kgb | 27.1 (2.2) | 22.6 (4.8) | 1.04 (0.92–1.18) | 0.497 |
Global acute malnutritionc | 3 (5.5) | 1 (10.0) | 1.93 (0.18–21.13) | 0.585 |
Severe acute malnutritionc | 1 (1.8) | 1 (10.0) | 6.00 (0.32–111.87) | 0.172 |
Symptoms and signs on admission | ||||
Axillary temp. (°C)b | 38.7d (0.2) | 37.7 (0.5) | 0.59 (0.35–0.99) | 0.046 |
Respiratory rateb | 36.0d (1.2) | 30.9 (1.9) | 0.92 (0.82–1.02) | 0.111 |
BCS at admissionb | 4.3 (0.2) | 3.9 (0.6) | 0.83 (0.56–1.23) | 0.358 |
Respiratory distress | 5d (10.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0.38 (0.02–7.36) | 0.520 |
Dehydration | 3d (6.3) | 1 (10.0) | 2.05 (0.26–15.73) | 0.489 |
Pallor | 13d (27.1) | 5 (50.0) | 2.63 (0.69–10.02) | 0.157 |
Jaundice | 1d (2.1) | 1 (10.0) | 5.00 (0.47–53.38) | 0.183 |
Oedema | 0d (0.0) | 1 (10.0) | 15.32 (0.58–405.11) | 0.102 |
Prostration | 11 (20.0) | 3 (30.0) | 1.81 (0.42–7.51) | 0.416 |
Unconscious (BCS <5) | 11 (20.0) | 3 (30.0) | 1.81 (0.42–7.51) | 0.416 |
Deep coma (BCS <2) | 10 (18.2) | 3 (30.0) | 2.02 (0.48–8.50) | 0.336 |
Investigation | ||||
Malaria diagnosis | 55 (100.0) | 10 (100.0) | 1.00 | |
HIV infection | 2 (3.8) | 1 (10.0) | 3.25 (0.38–27.63) | 0.280 |
Severe anaemia | 5d (10.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0.44 (0.02–8.56) | 0.584 |
Positive blood culture | 1 (1.8) | 1 (10.0) | 5.74 (0.54–61.11) | 0.148 |
Hypoglycaemia at admission (<3.0 mmol/L) | 4 (7.3) | 1 (10.0) | 1.81 (0.25–13.00) | 0.557 |
Hypoglycaemia at admission (<2.5 mmol/L) | 2 (3.6) | 1 (10.0) | 3.38 (0.40–28.68) | 0.264 |
Normal-low range glycaemia (3–5 mmol/L) | 10 (18.2) | 1 (10.0) | 0.50 (0.06–4.51) | 0.529 |
Hyperglycaemia at admission (≥11.0 mmol/L) | 1 (1.8) | 0 (0.0) | 1.73 (0.07–45.43) | 0.742 |
Glycaemia at admission (mmol/L)b | 6.3 (0.3) | 5.8 (0.6) | 0.91 (0.66–1.24) | 0.542 |
Time up to sensor activation (minutes)b | 82.6 (20.3) | 79.3 (32.9) | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.857 |
Hyperparasitaemia (>100,000 parasites/µL) | 27 (49.1) | 2 (20.0) | 0.30 (0.07–1.370) | 0.122 |
Treatment | ||||
Intravenous quinine | 1 (1.8) | 0 (0.0) | 1.73 (0.07–45.43) | 0.742 |
Intravenous artesunate | 51 (92.7) | 10 (100.0) | 1.84 (0.09–36.71) | 0.691 |
Blood transfusion | 3d (6.3) | 1 (10.0) | 0.72 (−1.32–2.76) | 0.489 |
Outcome | ||||
Length of admission in daysb | 2.5 (0.2) | 3.0 (0.6) | 1.27 (0.84–1.94) | 0.259 |
Severe malaria | 14 (25.5) | 3 (30.0) | 1.33 (0.33–5.43) | 0.686 |
Died | 1 (1.8) | 0 (0.0) | 1.73 (0.07–45.43) | 0.742 |