Table 4 Comparisons between patient purchased ACT drugs (ACT+) and patient purchased non-ACT drugs (ACT−) by country (N = 923), 2013

Patient characteristics

 Sex-ratio M:W

0.69

0.33

0.52

1.04

1.70

0.38

0.95

0.80

0.65

0.78

1.85

0.008

0.60

1.10

0.04

 Age (years)

  ≤5

6.2

75.0

16.2

6.3

16.2

11.1

29.1

7.0

21.3

32.5

  6–16

5.2

25.0

<10⁻⁴

15.5

6.3

0.28

14.2

2.8

0.09

9.4

7.0

0.002

13.9

10.0

0.20

  ≥17

88.6

0

68.2

87.6

69.6

86.2

61.4

86.0

64.8

57.5

History of illness

 Presence of fever

98.4

100

0.80

91.0

90.9

0.98

100

100

–

90.6

71.9

0.001

96.3

96.2

0.98

 Mean days with fever (SD)

2.4 (2.1)

3.5 (2.5)

0.31

2.5 (1.5)

2.1 (0.7)

0.40

3.4 (1.9)

3.0 (1.6)

0.12

1.9 (1.8)

2.5 (2.8)

0.11

3.2 (3.6)

5.3 (6.5)

0.01

Diagnostic practices

 Location of malaria diagnosis

  Self-diagnosis

84.9

25.0

32.2

61.5

33.3

67.6

0

3.5

12.9

9.3

  Health facility and pharmacy

15.1

75.0

0.001

67.8

38.5

0.03

66.7

32.4

0.0002

100

96.5

0.03

87.1

90.7

0.45

 Blood test diagnostic

3.1

0

0.72

55.3

18.8

0.005

41.2

22.2

0.03

96.9

94.7

0.48

81.7

88.7

0.18

Type of outlet

 Pharmacy

88.6

50.0

0.02

100

100

–

27.2

13.9

0.09

87.5

91.2

0.46

29.4

11.3

0.01

 Other

11.4

50.0

0

0

72.8

86.1

12.5

8.8

70.6

87.7

 Have a prescription

90.9

0.1

0.001

97.4

2.6

0.006

37.2

19.4

0.04

90.6

92.9

0.60

76.1

86.3

0.08

 Median price of purchased drug

1.32

3.69

0.01

2.02

1.67

0.71

3.22

1.24

<10⁻⁴

2.01

1.14

0.001

4.48

1.14

<10⁻⁴