Fig. 4

CDDO-EA treatment reduced malaria-induced endothelial activation as determined by levels of angiopoeitins in plasma. Factors were measured by ELISA on day 6 post-infection. Treatments were administered on day 4 post-infection (CDDO-EA administered at 200 μmol/kg, ART at 5 mg/kg, 4–5 mice per group, data from two independent studies). a Co-administration of CDDO-EA and artesunate significantly increased levels of plasma Ang-1 (p = 0.014, Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s correction). b Monotherapy and co-administration of CDDO-EA with artesunate significantly decreased levels of plasma Ang-2 (p = 0.030, 0.049, Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s correction, respectively). c Co-administration of CDDO-EA with artesunate significantly reduced the ratio of Ang-2/Ang-1 (p = 0.012, Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s correction)