Fig. 4

Confirmed silencing of the Sac1, lrc, and otk genes in the larval brain by dried inactivated yeast interfering RNA tablets. Significantly lower levels of Sac1 (a1–a3), lrc (b1–b3), and otk (c1–c3) transcripts were detected in the L4 brains of larvae fed with the Sac1.1 (a2), lrc.51 (b2), and otk.16 (c2) dried inactivated yeast interfering RNA larvicides vs. animals fed with control yeast (a1, b1, c1). For each probe, results from three biological replicate experiments were compiled (n = 85 Sac1.1-treated brains, n = 80 lrc.51-treated brains, and n = 80 otk.16-treated brains; n = 40 control-treated brains/per experiment). Data were evaluated by t test (***p < 0.001 in comparison to control-fed larvae). The brains are oriented dorsal upward in this figure. LAL, larval antennal lobe; OF, olfactory foramen; OL, optic lobe; SOG, sub-oesophageal ganglion; SuEG, supra-oesophageal ganglion