Fig. 4

Comparison of multiclonality between gametocyte-negative (Nega) and –positive (Posi) individuals among P. falciparum-positive individuals. a Polymorphic proportion (PmP, proportion of polymorphic reactions among the total number of successful reactions) and b complexity of infection (COI, COIL-estimated number of unique P. falciparum genotypes in each infection) among P. falciparum-positive individuals at four time-points (Jun, n = 119; Nov, n = 110; Feb, n = 51; and Apr, n = 41) were pooled and stratified by gametocyte status. Gametocyte positive individuals have significantly higher PmP (p = 0.009, Mann–Whitney test) and COI (p = 0.033, Chi square test) than gametocyte-negative individuals