Table 4 Estimates (posterior median and 95% BCI) of the geostatistical model parameters based on the cluster level climatic (Model 1) and the individual level model (Model 2), MIS 2011

NDVI

1.55 (1.12; 2.12)

1.33 (0.97; 1.82)

EVI

 < 0.21

1

1

 0.21–0.38

1.90 (1.03; 3.51)

1.38 (0.82; 2.33)

 > 0.38

1.25 (0.51; 3.02)

0.92 (0.41; 2.1)

Distance to water body (m)

 < 70

1

1

 ≥  70

1.82 (1.005; 3.45)

1.60 (0.90; 2.86)

Altitude

0.39 (0.26; 0.57)

0.37 (0.25; 0.53)

Forest

 No

1

1

 Yes

1.55 (1.002; 2.39)

1.17 (0.77; 1.79)

Sex

 Female

1

 Male

0.99 (0.86; 1.15)

Area type

 Rural

1

 Urban

0.55 (0.38; 0.80)

Wealth index

 Most poor

1

 Very poor

0.6 (0.46; 0.76)

 Poor

0.66 (0.49; 0.89)

 Less poor

0.46 (0.32; 0.66)

 Least poor

0.39 (0.25; 0.61)

Education level of mothers

 No education

1

 Primary

1.15 (0.92; 1.43)

 Secondary

0.92 (0.70; 1.22)

 University

1.03 (0.57; 1.84)

Age

 0–1^a

1

 1–2

1.31 (0.96; 1.77)

 2–3

2.29 (1.70; 3.10)

 3–4

2.57 (1.90; 3.48)

 > 4

3.49 (2.62; 4.65)

% households with 1 ITN per 2 persons

0.16 (0.05; 0.47)

σ²

Range (km)