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Table 6 Use of and expenditure on malaria medication in surveyed population who reported fever in prior 2 weeks in Siaya County, Kenya, 2012

From: Socioeconomic health inequality in malaria indicators in rural western Kenya: evidence from a household malaria survey on burden and care-seeking behaviour

Utilization of medication (N = 1180)

All

Poorest households

Less-poor households

 

n (%)

n (%)

n (%)

p-valuec

Artemether-lumefantrine

396 (33.6)

185 (30.9)

211 (36.2)

0.434

Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine

8 (0.7)

6 (1.0)

2 (0.3)

0.119

Amodiaquine

11 (0.9)

7 (1.2)

4 (0.7)

0.284

Quinine

14 (1.2)

6 (1.0)

8 (1.4)

0.721

Chloroquine

5 (0.4)

3 (0.3)

2 (0.3)

0.557

Overall (any malaria medicine)

429 (36.4)

205 (34.3)

224 (38.4)

0.133

Non-recommended medicinea

38 (4.2)

22 (4.9)

16 (3.5)

0.332

 

Mean (SD) in USD

Mean (SD) in USD

Mean (SD) in USD

 

Expenditure on all malaria medications per person

0.38 (0.50)

0.35 (0.52)

0. 40 (0.55)

0.076

 

Mean (SD)

Median (IQR)

in USD

Mean (SD)

Median (IQR)

in USD

Mean (SD)

Median (IQR)

in USD

p-valued

Expenditure on all medications per person among only those who paid for drugs (n = 424)b

1.04 (0.32)

1.01 (1.01–1.01)

1.02 (0.32)

1.01 (1.01–1.01)

1.05 (0.33)

1.01 (1.01–1.01)

0.345

0.926

Expenditure on non-recommended malaria medicines per person (n = 38)

1.14 (0.86)

0.62 (0.42–2.24)

1.36 (0.91)

1.43 (0.45–2.24)

0.98 (0.80)

0.62 (0.42–2.24)

0.039

0.018

  1. USD United States dollars, SD standard deviation, IQR interquartile range
  2. aNon-recommended medicine for malaria treatment included sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, amodiaquine, quinine used by non-pregnant women and chloroquine
  3. bMean prices of adult formulation were artemether-lumefantrine = USD 1.01; sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine = USD 0.62; amodiaquine = USD 0.42; quinine = USD 2.24; chloroquine = USD 0.40
  4. cFisher’s exact test
  5. dWilcoxon rank sum test to compare medians and t-test to compare means; excludes children who received medicine for free from public health facilities