Fig. 2

Breadth and magnitude of Plasmodium falciparum-specific seroreactivity in Ret + CM cases parallels UM cases. a Plasmodium falciparum antibody breadth scores (number of seropositive responses) for each case are displayed in boxplots with overlaid data points by timepoint, case severity, and Ig type. Broad responses to P. falciparum antigens are detected across timepoints with similar seroreactivity between CM and UM cases. b Volcano plots display inverse unadjusted P-values (y-axis) comparing magnitude of IgG and IgM seroreactivity (x-axis) to P. falciparum antigens in acute infection by case severity (> 0 indicating higher in Ret + CM cases). Dashed red line represents unadjusted P-value of 0.05. Points above the line have significant unadjusted P-values, but none are significant after adjustment for the false discovery rate (Benjamini-Hochberg). The magnitude of P. falciparum reactivity is not significantly different between Ret + CM and UM cases, although there is a trend toward greater reactivity in CM cases