Fig. 3

Acute paediatric malaria cases have broad reactivity to PfEMP1 antigens with lowest reactivity to EPCR-binding CIDR domains. a Schematic of PfEMP1 domain structure. b PfEMP1 breadth scores are displayed in boxplots with overlaid data points by case severity and Ig type in acute infection. There were broad responses and similar seroreactivity despite differences in disease severity. c Volcano plots display inverse unadjusted P-values (y-axis) comparing magnitude of IgG, IgM seroreactivity (x-axis) to PfEMP1 antigens in acute infection by case severity (to the right of 0 indicates higher in Ret + CM cases). Data suggest magnitude of total PfEMP1 reactivity is not different between Ret + CM and UM. Red dashed lines represent unadjusted P-value of 0.05. Points above the line have significant unadjusted P-values, but none are significant after adjustment for the false discovery rate (Benjamini-Hochberg). d Most and least seroreactive PfEMP1 antigens during acute infection. The most (top 6) and least (bottom 6) reactive PfEMP1 antigens are indicated (see Additional file 2 for details). Reactivity of all UM and CM cases was scored and maximal reactivity during acute infection was used to generate a mean reactivity (R) value. Conserved domains (e.g. ATS) were the most reactive