Association between timing and number of antenatal care visits on uptake of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria during pregnancy among Malawian women

Table 3 Association between the number of ANC visits and IPTp uptake stratified by ANC timing

Timing of the first ANC visit	Number of ANC visit categories OR^a (95% CI)		Total
Timing of the first ANC visit	Inadequate^b	Adequate^b	Total
First trimester	2.24 (1.44–3.49***)	3.41 (2.39–4.86***)	1.97 (1.40–2.76***)
Second trimester	2.19 (1.56–3.08***)	3.33 (2.36–4.70***)	1.93 (1.42–2.64***)
Third trimester	1.00	4.74 (1.61–13.96**)	1.00
Total	1.00	1.55 (1.34–1.80***)

ANC antenatal care, IPTp intermittent preventive treatment for malaria during pregnancy, CI confidence interval, OR odds ratio
* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001
^aAdjusted for age, parity, marital status, education, wealth, and occupation
^bThe number of ANC visits was categorized into two levels: adequate ANC visits (four or more) and inadequate ANC visits (fewer than four)