A cross-sectional study of asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infection burden and risk factors in general population children in 12 villages in northern Uganda

Table 4 Patterns of P. falciparum parasite prevalence according to environmental, parental, and household characteristics in children aged 0–15 years old enrolled in 12 villages in north-central and northwest regions of Uganda between October 2011 and Feb 2014

	Number positive	Weighted pfPR %	OR 95% CI			P
Environment/home characteristics
Season
Dry season	304	46.2	Ref.
Wet season	249	66.9	2.35	0.35–15.7		0.404
Home location
Urban	340	42.8	Ref.
Rural	211	67.5	2.77	0.37–20.9		0.350
Parents education/occupation
Mother’s education level
Up to primary 4	315	53.5	Ref.
Primary 5 or higher	236	51.5	0.92	0.64–1.34		0.685
Mother’s occupation
Other	40	57.2	Ref.
Subsistence farmer	511	52.2	0.81	0.36–1.85		0.637
Father’s education level
Up to primary 4	136	61.9	Ref.
Primary 5 or higher	415	50.6	0.63	0.36–1.11		0.147
Father’s occupation
Other	103	47.6	Ref.
Subsistence farmer	448	53.6	1.27	1.04–1.56		0.050
Keeping animals near or inside the house
Chicken
No	106	45.2	Ref.
Yes	447	54.2	1.43	0.52–3.92		0.505
Pig
No	473	51.8	Ref.
Yes	80	56.3	1.20	0.29	4.94	0.809
Sheep
No	393	48.3	Ref.
Yes	160	61	1.68	1.05	2.69	0.064
Cow
No	304	47.4	Ref.
Yes	248	56.5	1.44	0.95	2.18	0.121
Birds
No	462	52.5	Ref.
Yes	91	52.7	1.01	0.71	1.44	0.958
Dog
No	349	49.4	Ref.
Yes	204	57.4	1.38	0.65	2.93	0.430
Use of herbs for treatment
Herb applied to skin
No	427	51.5	Ref.
Yes	126	61.5	1.50	0.67	3.38	0.352
Herb applied to gums
No	292	49.8	Ref.
Yes	261	59.4	1.47	0.51	4.21	0.492
Number of hospital admissions since birth
0	267	47.3	Ref.
1	131	54.1	1.31	0.92	1.86
2	58	62.9	1.89	0.40	9.01
3+	97	61.2	1.75	0.61	5.03	0.402

ISSN: 1475-2875