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Table 2 Summary of malaria diagnostic procedures and treatment prescribed at participating health facilities and community health worker (CHW) sites, as recorded by the health worker during or immediately after consultation

From: Measuring malaria diagnosis and treatment coverage in population-based surveys: a recall validation study in Mali among caregivers of febrile children under 5 years

 

All cases (received ACT)

All controls (no ACT)

Pooled data for cases and controls

All sites combined

Public

Urban

Public

Rural

CHW

Private

Urban

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

Diagnostic method (N = 1601)

 No diagnostic method used

5

0.6

19

2.3

24

1.5

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

24

7.1

 Clinical signs/symptoms only

334

42.4

449

55.2

783

48.9

69

16.4

306

73.0

142

33.4

266

79.2

 Rapid diagnostic test

299

38.0

208

25.6

507

31.7

101

24.0

112

26.7

283

66.6

11

3.3

 Microscopy

149

18.9

138

17.0

287

17.9

251

59.6

1

0.2

0

0.0

35

10.4

Temperature measured (N = 1602)

 No

44

5.6

48

5.9

92

5.7

37

8.8

18

4.3

20

4.7

17

5.1

 Yes

744

94.4

766

94.1

1510

94.3

384

91.2

402

95.7

405

95.3

319

94.9

Diagnostic test result (N = 1602)

 Negative for malaria

80

10.2

135

16.6

215

13.4

88

20.9

14

3.3

101

23.8

12

3.6

 Positive for malaria

365

46.3

208

25.6

573

35.8

264

62.7

99

23.6

179

42.1

31

9.2

 Not tested

333

42.3

464

57.0

797

49.8

69

16.4

303

72.1

135

31.8

290

86.3

 Invalid

8

1.0

4

0.5

12

0.7

0

0.0

3

0.7

9

2.1

0

0.0

 Don’t know

2

0.3

3

0.4

5

0.3

0

0.0

1

0.2

1

0.2

3

0.9

Health worker final diagnosis (N = 1559)

 Not malaria

56

7.1

326

40.2

382

23.9

74

17.6

24

5.7

136

32.2

148

44.0

 Malaria

731

98.9

486

59.9

1217

76.1

347

82.4

396

94.3

286

67.8

188

56.0

Treatment provideda (N = 1602)

 ACT

788

100

0

0

788

49.2

231

54.9

205

48.8

212

49.9

140

41.7

 Non-ACT anti-malarialb

262

33.3

472

58.1

734

45.8

184

43.7

374

89.0

111

26.1

65

19.4

 ACT + non-ACT anti-malarial

262

33.3

0

0

262

16.4

41

9.7

176

41.9

27

6.4

18

5.4

 Antipyretics

653

82.9

641

78.8

1294

80.8

322

76.5

414

98.6

387

91.1

171

50.9

 Antibiotics

499

63.3

531

65.3

1030

64.3

323

76.7

366

87.1

147

34.6

194

57.7

 Other drugsc

278

35.3

323

39.7

601

37.5

151

35.9

251

59.8

78

18.4

121

36.0

 No drugs

0

0

1

0.1

1

0.1

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

1

0.3

Where caregiver intends to collect drugs (N = 1593)

 The facility/CHW

454

58.0

513

63.3

967

60.7

145

34.4

418

99.5

396

94.7

8

2.4

 Another location

253

32.3

128

15.8

381

23.9

257

61.0

1

0.2

16

3.8

107

32.0

 Depends on patient preference

68

8.7

161

19.9

229

14.4

15

3.6

0

0.0

0

0.0

214

64.1

 Don’t know

8

1.0

8

1.0

16

1.0

4

1.0

1

0.2

6

1.4

5

1.5

  1. ACT artemisinin-based combination therapy, CHW community health worker
  2. aMore than one drug may have been prescribed, numbers do not sum to 100%
  3. bIncludes artemether, artesunate, amodiaquine, quinine
  4. cIncludes antiemetic, antifungal, antihistamine, anthelmintic, bronchodilator/mucolytic, intravenous infusion, multivitamin, steroid, zinc/oral rehydration salts