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Fig. 1 | Malaria Journal

Fig. 1

From: Bioassay-guided isolation and identification of gametocytocidal compounds from Artemisia afra (Asteraceae)

Fig. 1

Bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation of gametocytocidal compounds 1 and 2 from Artemisia afra. Inhibition of in vitro viability of late-stage gametocytes (1.2–1.6% gametocytaemia, n = 1) of P. falciparum (NF54 strain) by crude extract and fractions of Artemisia afra, realised from a solvent–solvent partitioning step and b separation of chloroform fraction (column 1). c Typical microscopic pictures of macrogametocytes (condensed nuclei) and microgametocytes (scattered nuclei) used in pLDH assays. Full dose–response investigation of compound d 1 and e 2 against late stage gametocytes (1–2% gametocytaemia) of P. falciparum. IC50 values (μM), determined using the 72 + 72 h pLDH assay. Data are the mean ± SEM of three independent biological repeats in technical triplicates. Positive drug control for inhibition of viability of late-stage gametocytes were methylene blue and artemisinin. *Unpaired assays (n = 1, each carried out in technical triplicate, see Additional file 1: Fig. S2). MB methylene blue, Hex hexane, CE crude extract, Chl chloroform, EtOAc ethyl acetate, MeOH methanol, ART artemisinin

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