Table 1 Risk predictors of P. vivax (A) infection prevalence, (B) new infection, and (C) infection density by qPCR detection

Age

 Linear

n/a

1.16*

1.18

[1.13, 1.23]

1.18*

1.21

[1.16, 1.25]

n/a

 Quadratic

n/a

n/a

− 0.01*

0.00

[− 0.01, − 0.002]

p–value < 0.001

p-value < 0.001

p-value < 0.001

Villages (for details refer to Additional file 10)

1.2–47.4

0.13–8.32

0.18–6.86

[0.02, 17.52]

0.07–4.96

0.11–6.18

[0.01, 12.42]

− 0.59–0.67

− 0.66–0.35

[− 0.95, 0.98]

p-value < 0.001

p-value < 0.001

p-value < 0.001

ACD follow-up timepoint (for details refer to Additional file 10)

9.0–16.2

0.72–1.39

0.69–1.46

[0.50, 1.86]

0.46–0.95

0.45–0.93

[0.32, 1.28]

− 0.25–0.14

− 0.47–0.15

[− 0.73, 0.38]

p-value < 0.001

p-value < 0.001

p-value < 0.001

LLIN usage (per 10% increase in use)

n/a

0.94*

0.89

[0.82, 0.97]

0.97

n/a

0.03

n/a

p-value = 0.006

molFOB of P. vivax

n/a

n/a

n/a

0.02

0.02

[0.001, 0.04]

p-value = 0.036

Previous antimalarial record (1 year before only)

20.9

2.61*

2.03

[1.45, 2.83]

1.95*

1.52

[1.16, 1.98]

0.45*

0.24

[0.07, 0.41]

p-value < 0.001

p-v`alue = 0.002

p-value = 0.005

G6PD deficient

16.9

1.56*

1.77

[1.16, 2.70]

1.42

1.51

[1.05, 2.18]

−0.11

n/a

p-value = 0.008

p-value = 0.026

α-Thalassaemia mutation^b

14.2

1.56*

n/a

1.58*

1.42

[1.10, 1.84]

−0.06

n/a

p-value = 0.007

Febrile

15.1

1.21

n/a

n/a

0.62*

0.51

[0.10, 0.92]

p-value = 0.014