Table 1 MIS indicators from the 2013 and 2016 Madagascar surveys selected for spatial modelling

MLFEVTCACT

Among children under age five with fever in the 2 weeks preceding the survey, the percentage who took a drug combination with artemisinin

MLFEVTCADV

Among children under age five with fever in the 2 weeks preceding the survey, the percentage for whom advice or treatment was sought

MLFEVTCBLD

Among children under age five with fever in the 2 weeks preceding the survey, the percentage who had blood taken from a finger or heel for testing

MLHEMOCHL8

Percentage of children aged 6–59 months with haemoglobin lower than 8.0 g/dl

MLIPTPW2SA

Percentage of women aged 15–49 with a live birth in the 2 years preceding the survey who during the pregnancy took two or more doses of SP/Fansidar, with at least one dose during an antenatal care visit [intermittent preventive treatment for pregnant women (IPTp2+)]

MLIRSMHIRS

Percentage of households with indoor residual spraying (IRS) in the 12 months preceding the survey

MLITNAPACC

Percentage of the de facto household population who could sleep under an ITN if each ITN in the household were used by up to two people

MLNETCCITN

Percentage of children under age five who slept under an ITN the night before the survey

MLNETPHITN

Percentage of households with at least one ITN

MLNETUPITN

Percentage of the de facto household population who slept under an insecticide treated net the night before the survey

MLNETWWITN

Percentage of pregnant women who slept under an ITN the night before the survey

MLPMALCMSY

Percentage of children aged 6–59 months tested using microscopy who are positive for malaria

MLPMALCRDT

Percentage of children aged 6–59 months tested using a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) who are positive for malaria