|
Assay
|
Negative (%)
|
Positive (%)
|
Total (%)
|
Estimate % (95% CIs)
|
Diagnostic accuracy (95% CIs)
|
Diagnostic odds (95% CIs)
|
Cohen’s kappa
|
|---|
|
Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs)
|
|
rtPCR of DBSa
|
|
Negative
|
41 (83.6)
|
8 (16.3)
|
49 (19.8)
|
Sensitivity
|
94.2% [88.9–97.0]
|
69.2% [63.2–74.6]
|
9.7 [4.3–22.0]
|
0.3 [0.2–0.4]
|
|
Positive
|
68 (34.3)
|
130 (65.6)
|
198 (80.1)
|
Specificity
|
37.6% [29.0–46.9]
|
|
Total (%)
|
109 (44.1)
|
138 (55.8)
|
247 (100.0)
|
PPV
|
65.6% [58.8–71.9]
|
| | | | |
NPV
|
83.6% [70.9–91.4]
|
|
rtPCR of EPFa
|
|
Negative
|
52 (58.4)
|
37 (41.5)
|
89 (36.0)
|
Sensitivity
|
73.1% [65.2–79.8]
|
61.9% [55.7–67.7]
|
2.4 [1.4–4.2]
|
0.2 [0.1–0.3]
|
|
Positive
|
57 (36.0)
|
101 (63.9)
|
158 (63.9)
|
Specificity
|
47.7% [38.5–57.0]
|
|
Total (%)
|
109 (44.1)
|
138 (55.8)
|
247 (100.0)
|
PPV
|
63.9% [56.1–71.0]
|
| | | | |
NPV
|
58.4% [48.0–68.1]
|
- artPCR-based assays based on detecting a region of the Plasmodium 18S DNA gene that is conserved across all five species P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale and P. malariae
