Table 2 Univariate analysis (odds ratio [OR] with 95% confidence interval [95% CI]) of the predictors of self-reporting malaria among adults aged ≥ 15 years in Maluku, West Papua and Papua

Gender

 Female

249/6378

1

479/4150

1

1931/10,225

1

 Male

314/5541

1.47 (1.24–1.75)

426/3853

0.95 (0.83–1.09)

2033/10,932

0.98 (0.91–1.04)

Occupation

 Not working

226/5709

1

416/3705

1

1358/7067

1

 Primary industry workers (farmer, fisherman)

206/3383

1.57 (1.29–1.90)

177/1980

0.77 (0.63–0.95)

1520/9358

0.81 (0.73–0.90)

 Tertiary industry workers (services-related occupation)

103/2273

1.15 (0.90–1.46)

275/2033

1.23 (1.05–1.46)

903/3902

1.26 (1.13–1.41)

 Other (undefined)

28/554

1.29 (0.86–1.93)

37/285

1.17 (0.80–1.73)

183/830

1.18 (0.98–1.43)

Education

 No

38/532

1

50/579

1

555/4481

1

 Primary

217/4501

0.65 (0.45–0.95)

325/3224

1.18 (0.86–1.63)

1397/7438

1.63 (1.42–1.88)

 Secondary

308/6886

0.60 (0.42–0.87)

530/4200

1.53 (1.10–2.11)

2012/9238

1.96 (1.71–2.26)

Slept using ITN last night

 No

376/8840

1

509/3730

1

2577/13,858

1

 Yes

187/3079

1.45 (1.19–1.77)

396/4273

0.65 (0.54–0.78)

1387/7299

1.00 (0.91–1.10)

Owned bed net

 No

361/8563

1

491/3710

1

2534/13,949

1

 Yes

202/3356

1.45 (1.20–1.76)

414/4293

0.69 (0.58–0.83)

1430/7208

1.11 (1.00–1.23)

House density

 Less than 8/m²

166/3435

1

176/1713

1

1410/8449

1

 More than 8/m²

397/8484

0.96 (0.79–1.18)

729/6290

1.14 (0.93–1.40)

2554/12,708

1.25 (1.12–1.39)

Access to nearest PHCs

 < 30 min

438/9377

1

788/6680

1

2671/12,549

1

 Not available

42/1035

0.86 (0.61–1.21)

74/670

0.93 (0.66–1.29)

327/1753

0.84 (0.70–1.01)

 > 30 min

83/1507

1.18 (0.89–1.59)

43/653

0.53 (0.36–0.76)

966/6855

0.60 (0.53–0.69)

Household wealth index

 Poorest

122/2129

1

251/2893

1

1955/12,902

1

 Poorer

120/2253

0.92 (0.70–1.22)

208/2118

1.14 (0.90–1.45)

582/2717

1.52 (1.32–1.75)

 Middle

108/2334

0.79 (0.59–1.06)

152/1169

1.57 (1.21–2.03)

457/1864

1.81 (1.56–2.11)

 Richer

105/2508

0.71 (0.53–0.96)

195/1143

2.16 (1.66–2.81)

513/1894

2.08 (1.73–2.49)

 Richest

108/2695

0.68 (0.50–0.92)

99/680

1.79 (1.33–2.41)

457/1780

1.93 (1.58–2.35)

Proportion of villagers with improved access to safe drinking water^a

 Low

304

1

153

1

1612

1

 High

259

0.67 (0.54–0.82)

752

1.39 (1.07–1.81)

2352

1.58 (1.39–1.78)

Place of residence

 Urban

188/4786

1

302/2053

1

1335/5435

1

 Rural

375/7133

1.36 (1.08–1.69)

603/5950

0.65 (0.53–0.79)

2629/15,722

0.61 (0.53–0.71)

Proportion of villagers with had secondary education degree^b

 Low

254/4756

1

271/3170

1

1239/8608

1

 High

309/7163

0.79 (0.65–0.98)

634/4833

1.61 (1.30–2.00)

2725/12,549

1.64 (1.44–1.88)

Proportion of villagers with bed net^c

 Low

274/6667

1

529/3505

1

1930/11,011

1

 High

289/5252

1.36 (1.10–1.67)

376/4498

0.51 (0.42–0.62)

2034/10,146

1.17 (1.04–1.32)

Elevation

 Midland (200–1200 m)

290/6103

1

192/2151

1

1920/8546

1

 Lowland (< 200 m)

273/5816

0.98 (0.80–1.21)

510/4704

1.24 (0.99–1.54)

787/5200

0.61 (0.53–0.70)

 Upper highland (> 1200 m)

–

–

203/1148

2.19 (1.56–3.07)

1257/7411

0.70 (0.61–0.80)