Table 2 Factors associated with malaria prevalence in the endemic area
From: Social determinants of malaria in an endemic area of Indonesia
Research variables | Simple logistic regression analysis | Multiple logistic regression analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI)a | P-value | AOR (95% CI)b | P-value | |
Gender | ||||
 Males (Ref.) |  |  |  |  |
 Females | 0.90 (0.85–0.94) | 0.000 | 0.91 (0.87–0.96) | 0.000 |
Age of participants in years | ||||
 More than 5 years of age (Ref.) |  |  |  |  |
 Children under 5 years of age | 0.72 (0.65–0.81) | 0.000 | 0.74 (0.67–0.83) | 0.000 |
Job (occupation) | ||||
 Participants who were not working (Ref.) |  |  |  |  |
 Participants who were working | 1.20 (1.12–1.27) | 0.000 | 1.13 (1.06–1.20) | 0.000 |
Use of mosquito nets | ||||
 Participants who used mosquito nets (Ref.) |  |  |  |  |
 Participants who did not use mosquito nets | 1.09 (0.97–1.23) | 0.153 | – | – |
 Knowledge about healthcare services |  |  |  |  |
Healthcare facilities closest to the residence | ||||
 Known (Ref.) |  |  |  |  |
 Not known | 4.22 (1.53–11.59) | 0.005 | 4.18 (1.52–11.45) | 0.005 |
Environmental health | ||||
 Improved (Ref.) |  |  |  |  |
 Unimproved | 1.13 (0.99–1.31) | 0.081 | – | – |
Preventive measures | ||||
 Using preventive measures (Ref.) |  |  |  |  |
 Not using preventive measures | 1.18 (1.01–1.38) | 0.036 | – | – |
Settlement or housing condition | ||||
 Improved (Ref.) |  |  |  |  |
 Unimproved | 1.30 (1.09–1.54) | 0.003 | 1.30 (1.09–1.54) | 0.003 |