Assessing malaria risk at night-time venues in a low-transmission setting: a time-location sampling study in Zambezi, Namibia

Table 3 Comparison of estimates from TLS and household surveys, Zambezi Region, Namibia, 2015

Variables	TLS survey (N = 480)			Household survey (N = 1160)			P-value
Variables	N	Percent	SE	N	Percent	SE	P-value
Demographics
Sex
Female	480	37.2	0.049	1160	58.5	0.019	< 0.001
Male	480	62.8	0.049	1160	41.5	0.019	< 0.001
Age
15–24	480	46.8	0.050	1160	34.0	0.014	0.013
25–34	480	27.1	0.032	1160	21.9	0.015	0.140
35–44	480	15.2	0.027	1160	15.2	0.008	1.00
45+	480	10.9	0.027	1160	29.0	0.019	< 0.001
Place of sleeping
IRS in structure where sleeps in < 1 year	361	50.8	0.039	505^a	60.0	0.030	0.063
Slept outdoors in past 2 weeks	479	10.5	0.020	1158	10.7	0.034	0.962
Owns a mosquito net	480	43.7	0.039	NA	NA	NA	NA
Slept under net last night	479	26.9	0.036	1154	34.5	0.036	0.140
Spent the night outside of home village in past 4 weeks	479	17.3	0.027	1160	8.9	0.017	0.008
Fever
Past 2 weeks	478	52.1	0.032	1151	33.2	0.030	< 0.001
Past 3 months	478	65.2	0.029	1153	36.9	0.037	< 0.001
Sought treatment last time^b	299	37.9	0.048	422	52.1	0.029	0.011
Received treatment last time^b	288	33.9	0.047	422	38.6	0.492	0.924
Malaria infection (LAMP)	480	4.7	0.015	1064	2.8	0.055	0.740

SE, standard error; LAMP, loop-mediated isothermal amplification. P-value for differences significant at the 5% are in italic
^aVariable reported by household heads only (N = 505)
^bAmong those with fever in past 3 months

ISSN: 1475-2875