Fig. 3

Pattern of genetic variability and polymorphism of the voltage-gated sodium channel in Anopheles coluzzii. a Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of intron-1 DNA sequences; b haplotype networks (TCS) for the fragment of the VGSC sequences in. Haplotypes are scaled accordingly to reflect their respective frequencies; c polymorphic positions of the VGSC fragment in alive and dead mosquitoes showing the haplotypes frequencies