Fig. 5

Proportion of reported malaria cases in three countries that were truly symptomatic malaria infections versus asymptomatic malaria infections coincident with non-malarial febrile illnesses. The incidence of malaria-positive fevers per child under five reported to HMIS in Benin 2010 (left bar), Burundi 2012 (middle bar) and Kenya 2015 (right bar) amongst children under 5 years of age in light blue bars, with the total number of malaria-attributable fevers overlain in dark blue bars. The upper and lower 95% credible intervals on the estimate of number of malaria-attributable fevers are given by black error bars. Malaria-positive fevers not causally attributable to fever were predicted to be caused by non-malarial febrile illnesses