|
Covariables
|
Multivariate analysis
|
|---|
|
Unadjusted
|
Adjusted
|
|---|
|
OR (95% CI)
|
P-value
|
OR (95% CI)
|
P-value
|
|---|
|
Age groups
|
|
0–5 years
|
1 (Reference)
| |
1
| |
|
5–10 years
|
2.03 (1.56–2.65)
|
<0.001
|
2.20 (1.69–2.87)
|
< 0.001
|
|
10–14 years
|
2.63 (1.93–3.58)
|
<0.001
|
3.04 (2.26–4.10)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Child’s gender
|
|
Male
|
1
| | | |
|
Female
|
0.95 (0.80–1.12)
|
0.330
| | |
|
Gender—household head
|
|
Male
|
1
| |
1
| |
|
Female
|
0.73 (0.53–1.01)
|
0.058
|
0.70 (0.51–0.96)
|
0.030
|
|
Education—household head
|
|
No
|
1
| |
1
| |
|
Yes
|
0.78 (0.58–1.06)
|
0.115
|
0.88 (0.69–1.13)
|
0.320
|
|
Wealth Index—SES
|
|
Poorest
|
3.54 (1.93–6.50)
|
<0.001
|
2.06 (1.30–3.27)
|
0.003
|
|
Poorer
|
2.52 (1.49–4.26)
|
0.001
|
1.50 (0.93–2.41)
|
0.091
|
|
Middle
|
2.24 (1.45–3.46)
|
0.001
|
1.50 (0.99–2.29)
|
0.054
|
|
Rich
|
1
| |
1
| |
|
Bed–net ownership
|
|
Owns a bed net
|
0.67 (0.41–1.08)
|
0.101
|
0.74 (0.44–1.24)
|
0.251
|
|
Slept under LLIN
|
0.63 (0.47–0.85)
|
0.004
|
0.69 (0.55–0.87)
|
0.002
|
|
Floor material
|
|
Modern
|
1
| |
1
| |
|
Traditional
|
3.12 (2.58–3.78)
|
<0.001
|
1.62 (1.08–2.45)
|
0.039
|
|
Main wall material
|
|
Modern
|
1
| |
1
| |
|
Traditional
|
2.66 (2.19–3.23)
|
<0.001
|
1.64 (0.88–2.96)
|
0.115
|
|
Roofing material
| | | | |
|
Modern
|
1
| |
1
| |
|
Traditional
|
2.52 (1.90–3.34)
|
<0.001
|
1.54 (1.02–2.34)
|
0.042
|
|
Source of water
|
|
Piped
|
1
| | | |
|
Wells/boreholes
|
1.32 (0.70–2.47)
|
0.378
| | |
|
River/canal
|
1.33 (0.77–2.31)
|
0.302
| | |
|
Does not practice agriculture
|
1
| |
1
| |
|
Practices agriculture
|
2.34 (1.64–3.34)
|
< 0.001
|
1.76 (1.23–2.52)
|
0.003
|
|
Does not own a livestock
|
1
| |
1
| |
|
Owns livestock
|
1.33 (0.98–1.81)
|
0.064
|
1.01 (0.74–1.39)
|
0.941
|
|
Residence
|
|
Urban
|
1
| |
1
| |
|
Rural
|
2.88 (1.40–5.92)
|
0.005
|
1.68 (0.96–2.95)
|
0.059
|
|
Counties
|
|
Bungoma
|
1
| |
1
| |
|
Siaya
|
2.45 (1.25–4.78)
|
0.010
|
3.40 (1.70–6.83)
|
0.001
|
|
Kisumu
|
1.64 (0.54–5.00)
|
0.378
|
2.58 (0.87–7.61)
|
0.085
|
|
Migori
|
2.54 (0.87–7.42)
|
0.086
|
4.64 (2.09–10.30)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Homabay
|
1.63 (0.84–3.16)
|
0.144
|
2.18 (1.13–4.24)
|
0.022
|
|
Kakamega
|
2.61 (1.18–5.79)
|
0.019
|
2.65 (1.29–5.43)
|
0.009
|
|
Vihiga
|
1.41 (0.45–3.25)
|
0.698
|
1.40 (0.48–4.07)
|
0.532
|
|
Busia
|
4.09 (1.91–8.75)
|
0.001
|
4.12 (2.07–8.19)
|
< 0.001
|
- SES: Socio-economic status, P values less than 0.05 are highlighted in italics
