Table 1 Frequencies of haplotypes found during the transmission periods 2014–2016 (May 2014–April 2017), p-values are from Fisher’s exact test for trend over time
Frequencies of haplotypes | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gene | Haplotype | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | p-value (trend) |
18S success | 76% (n = 228) | 80% (n = 676) | 66% (n = 486) | ||
pfcrt c. 72-76 | CVMNK (wildtype) | 67% (45/67) | 60% (187/311) | 45% (99/219) | 0.006 |
CVIET (mutant) | 33% (22/67) | 40% (124/311) | 55% (120/219) | 0.006 | |
pfmdr1 c. 86 + 184 | NF | 57% (43/75) | 73% (212/290) | 62% (116/187) | 0.052 |
NY | 29% (22/75) | 23% (68/290) | 29% (55/187) | 0.052 | |
YF | 11% (8/75) | 3% (9/290) | 9% (16/187) | 0.084 | |
YY | 3% (2/75) | 0% (1/290) | 0% (0/187) | 0.109 | |
pfdhfr c. 51 + 59 + 108 | NCS (wildtype) | 17% (14/82) | 4% (18/407) | 4% (17/443) | 0.001 |
IRN (triple mutant) | 73% (60/82) | 92% (373/407) | 85% (376/443) | 0.001 | |
pfdhps c. 436 + 437 + 540 + 581 + 613 | AAKAA (wildtype) | 25% (17/68) | 25% (23/93) | 23% (39/170) | 0.956 |
AGKAA (mutant) | 15% (10/68) | 6% (6/93) | 11% (19/170) | 0.439 | |
SAKAA (wildtype) | 26% (18/68) | 29% (27/93) | 21% (36/170) | 0.083 | |
SGKAA (mutant) | 34% (23/68) | 38% (35/93) | 43% (73/170) | 0.448 | |
pfdhfr c. 51 + 59 + 108 + pfdhps c. 437 | IRN + G (quadruple mutant) | 33% (16/49) | 49% (97/199) | 51% (94/185) | 0.072 |