Low polymorphisms in pfact, pfugt and pfcarl genes in African Plasmodium falciparum isolates and absence of association with susceptibility to common anti-malarial drugs

Table 4 Prevalences of Plasmodium falciparum isolates with the 734M mutation in the P. falciparum cyclic amine resistance locus (pfcarl) according to parasite susceptibility to chloroquine (CQ), quinine (QN), lumefantrine (LMF), desethylamodiaquine (DQ), mefloquine (MQ), pyronaridine, (PND), piperaquine (PPQ), dihydroartemisinin (DHA), artesunate (AS) and doxycycline (DOX)

Drug	Reduced-susceptible cutoff	% of isolates with the 734M mutation (no. of isolates with the 734M mutation/total no. of susceptible or resistant isolates		p value (Fisher’s exact test)
Drug	Reduced-susceptible cutoff	Susceptible parasites	Parasites with reduced susceptibility	p value (Fisher’s exact test)
CQ	77^a or 100^b nM	7.7 (12/155)	8.2 (7/85)	1
QN	611^a or 800^b nM	8.0 (19/235)	0 (0/5)	1
LMF	150 nM	8.0 (19/235)	0 (0/0)	1
DQ	61^a or 80^b nM	7.2 (15/209)	12.9 (4/31)	0.28
MQ	30 nM	7.4 (7/95)	6.9 (10/145)	1
PND	60 nM	6.9 (16/233)	28.6 (2/7)	0.089
PPQ	135 nM	7.2 (17/236)	0 (0/4)	1
DHA	12^a or 10.5^b nM	7.4 (16/217)	13.0 (3/23)	0.41
AS	12 or 10.5 nM	6.7 (15/225)	25.0 (3/12)	0.053
DOX	37^a or 35^b nM	8.2 (16/194)	6.5 (3/46)	1

^aCutoff estimated for ex vivo test in seal bag with atmospheric generator using Genbag CO2^® [52]
^bCutoff estimated for ex vivo test in controlled atmosphere for imported isolates [50, 51]

ISSN: 1475-2875