Fig. 4

The Art-R associated kelch13 E252Q allele shows a greater competitive fitness than other kelch13 mutations. NHP4076 (E252Q) was competed against two other kelch13 mutants, NHP1337 (C580Y) and NHP4333 (G538V). NHP4076 outcompeted NHP1337 by day 40 (n = 3; a) and NHP4333 by day 60 (n = 3; b). NHP4076 versus NHP4333 was set up unintentionally with NHP4076 only composing 20% of the total parasitaemia, yet was still able to outcompete NHP4333, giving reason to include this competition in the dataset. NHP4333 was also able to outcompete NHP1337 by day 40 (n = 3; c). The data suggests a competitive growth advantage of E252Q associated resistance over G538V and C580Y resistances, and a potential fitness disadvantage of C580Y resistance